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TCAP 4-Jackson, etc.
Jackson, Industrial Revolution & Westward Expansion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jacksonian Democracy | expanded democracy by eliminating the requirement that men had to own property or pay a tax in order to vote; supporters formed the Democratic party |
| "spoils system" | the practice of giving government jobs to your supporters: "To the victors goes the spoils" |
| Tariff of Abominations | high tariff on imported goods; protected businesses in the North, but hurt the South as it resulted in a decreased value of their cotton |
| States' Rights Doctrine | Southern states stated the had the right to nullify (reject) any federal law they considered unconstitutional; violated the constitutional principles of separation of power and checks and balances |
| Nullification Crisis | John C. Calhoun led South Carolina as it threatened to succeed from the Union because they felt the Tariff of Abominations was unconstitutional |
| Indian Removal Act | authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi R. to Indian Territory (would later be state of Oklahoma) in the West |
| Trail of Tears | the 800-mile forced march of the Cherokees to Indian Territory; 1/4 of the Cherokee died along the way |
| Oregon Trail | The trail that took settlers to the Oregon Territory on the West coast; people moved there for land, economic opportunity, religious freedom, and a better life. |
| Mormons | Protestant Christian religious group that moved West to avoid persecution following the murder of their leader, Joseph Smith; led by Brigham Young to Utah Territory. |
| Texas Revolution | Southerners moved into Mexico but did not want to get rid of their slaves; decided to declare independence |
| Battle of the Alamo | A battle at a Spanish mission named the Alamo during the Texas Revolution from Mexico where men were executed by Santa Anna; became an inspiration for others to join the fight for Texas Independence. |
| Davy Crockett | Former TN Congressman who died at the Battle of the Alamo as he helped Texas fight Santa Anna and Mexican forces. |
| Sam Houston | Former TN Governor who moved to Texas to lead their militia in their fight for independence from Mexico; later became President of the Republic of Texas. |
| Manifest Destiny | obvious fate that Americans were to settle the land all the way to the Pacific Ocean in order to spread democracy |
| The War with Mexico | also known as Mexican-American War; US forces fought for Mexican Cession; started over a border dispute in Texas |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | ended the War with Mexico |
| Mexican Cession | Mexico handed over land that would become the states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming. (1848) |
| Gadsden Purchase | US paid Mexico for the southern portion of Arizona and New Mexico |
| Sutter's Mill | place where gold was first discovered in California |
| 49ers | name of gold seekers who joined the CA Gold Rush in 1849 |
| Industrial Revolution | a period of rapid growth in using machines for manufacturing (making goods or products) |
| factory system | brought workers and machines together under the same roof |
| textile mills | first factories in the US; manufacturing threads, yarns, and cloth |
| mass production | efficiently producing a large number of goods (making a lot of things fast) |
| Rhode Island System | Sam Slater and brother John opened water-powered textile mills in Rhode Island and hired families to work in them. |
| Lowell System | employed young, unmarried girls to work in textile factories |
| trade unions and strikes | unions were groups that tired to improve pay and working conditions; workers went on strike, or refused to work, until their demands were meet |
| Robert Fulton | steamboat |
| Samuel Morse | telegraph |
| John Deere | steel plow |
| Eli Whitney | cotton gin & interchangeable parts |
| cotton gin | made growing cotton more profitable & Increased the need for slaves as Southern cotton growing states expanded and increased cotton production |
| middle class | social and economic level between rich and poor |
Created by:
SDMS-Swain
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