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TCAP 1-Colonial
Colonial Era thru American Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Virginia | first permanent English colony located here |
| Jamestown | first permanent English settlement in VA |
| indentured servants | signed a contract to work a certain # of yrs to pay for their journey |
| tobacco | cash crop that saved Jamestown |
| triangular trade | trading across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe, Africa, and the British colonies |
| slave codes | laws that slaves had to follow |
| Maryland | founded for Catholics to escape religious persecution |
| Toleration Act | passed in Maryland; protected religious freedom |
| Georgia | last English colony; started for debtors; served as a buffer area between Spanish Florida |
| Puritans | wanted to purify (reform) the Anglican Church |
| Pilgrims | wanted to leave/separate from the Church of England; left England to avoid religious persecution |
| Mayflower Compact | legal contract signed by Pilgrims; agreed to follow fair laws that protected the common good |
| New England economy | based on fishing and shipbuilding; manufactured goods |
| New England education | emphasized reading in order to understand the Bible |
| Middle Colonies Economy | depended on staple crops like wheat barley, and oats |
| Pennsylvania | founded by William Penn to provide freedom of religion for Quakers |
| Quakers | believed in equality, religious tolerance, and non-violence |
| French & Indian War | Britain and France fought for control of land in North America; Native Americans supported their trading partners; Britain won |
| Proclamation of 1763 | law that prevented colonists from settling in the lands west of the Appalachian Mts. |
| "No Taxation Without Representation" | slogan used in the 13 Colonies to express anger over taxes being raised without colonial representatives in Parliament |
| Sugar Act | indirect tax on sugar & molasses; took away trial by jury for smugglers |
| Stamp Act | tax on anything paper (legal docs, licenses, newspapers, etc.) First direct tax |
| Townshend Act | tax on lead, glass, paint, paper & tea; colonists only allowed to purchase these products from Britain |
| Boston Massacre | British soldiers shot and killed 5 colonists in self-defense; Sons of Liberty used event as propaganda to encourage colonists to support Patriot activities |
| propaganda | an emotional distortion of the truth; used to promote negative feelings about a person or event |
| Tea Act | gave the sale and distribution of tea to the British East India Trading Company; led to the Boston Tea Party |
| Boston Tea Party | Sons of Liberty disguised themselves as Indians, dumped 340 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor in protest of the Tea Act |
| Coercive/Intolerable Acts | British laws punishing Boston for the Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor to trade, colonial assembly cancelled, Quartering of British soldiers |
| House of Burgesses | what Virginia called their colonial assembly |
| colonial assembly | colonial representatives elected to make colonial laws |
| Patriots | colonists who wanted to fight for independence |
| Loyalists | colonists who wanted to stay a part of Britain |
| Minutemen | local militia who trained to be the first called to fight against British soldiers |
| Redcoats | what colonists called British soldiers because of their red military uniform |
| Midnight Ride of Paul Revere | he rode through countryside outside of Boston to warn militiamen that the British soldiers were arriving |
| Battles of Lexington and Concord | first fighting of the American Revolution as the British seized militia weapons; the "shot heard 'round the world" |
| Thomas Paine | wrote Common Sense and The American Crisis to encourage support for the American fight for independence |
| Common Sense | pamphlet written by Thomas Paine which argued citizens, not kings and queens, should govern themselves |
| Declaration of independence | document which stated the reasons for colonists to separate from Britain and signed on July 4, 1776 |
| Thomas Jefferson | wrote the Declaration of Independence |
| Battle of Saratoga | Turning point of the American Revolution; convinced France to openly support the Patriots |
| Valley Forge | military camp in Pennsylvania where Washington and his troops endured brutal winter conditions |
| Battle of Yorktown | ended the Revolutionary War when Cornwallis forced to surrender after being surrounded by Washington and the French navy |
| Treaty of Paris | Britain officially recognized the independence of the United States |
Created by:
SDMS-Swain
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