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8 Hist Ch 13 BJU AR
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| "54* 40' or Fight" | Polk's campaign slogan referring to the Oregon Territory border |
| "Remember the Alamo" | battle cry that carried Sam Houston and his army to victory |
| Alamo | San Antonio's abandoned mission; later converted into a fort |
| annexation | the formal process of joining the Union |
| Battle of San Jacinto | battle during the Texan War for Independence that lasted for 20 minutes; |
| Bear Flag Revolution | raising of a flag with the grizzly bear over the town Square in Sonoma, California led by Fremont's men |
| Brigham Young | leader of the Mormons after Joseph Smith's death; called for a move to the Great Salt Lake |
| California gold rush | began with gold discovery in 1849 in California which attracted a rush of people from all over the country |
| California Trail | most popular trail to California; branched off the Oregon Trail |
| Compromise of 1850 | admitted California as a free state; gave Utah & New Mexico popular sovereignty; added Fugitive Slave Law; outlawed slave trade in DC |
| Doughfaces | group of Northern Democrats that were willing to compromise on the problems of the 1850s |
| forty-niners | people who went to California during the Gold Rush of 1849 |
| Franklin Pierce | president of the Doughfaces; Doughface Democrat; won the election of 1852 |
| Gadsden Purchase | purchased 5 years after the Mexican War that completed the territory of the lower forty-eight United States |
| James K. Polk | Democrat dark horse; most associated with Manifest Destiny |
| James W. Marshall | discovered gold at Sutter's Fort |
| Jedediah Smith | located the South Pass; famous mountain man known to preach to Indians and travelers |
| Jim Bowie | American leader killed while fighting at the Battle of the Alamo during the Texas War for Independence |
| John Charles Fremont | "the Pathfinder"; wanted to become a hero by taking California |
| John Sutter | owned a sawmill where gold was discovered; Swiss immigrant |
| Joseph Smith | developed the system of Mormon beliefs; original leader of the Mormons |
| Lone Star Republic | name given to Texas after it won independence from Mexico but had not yet joined the Union |
| Manifest Destiny | belief that God had intended the US to have all the western lands to the shores of the Pacific |
| Marcus Whitman | doctor who was a missionary in the West |
| methodist preachers | first people to seek permanent homes in Oregon |
| Mexican Cession | gave the US California, Nevada, Utah, parts of Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, & New Mexico in exchange for cancellation of debts |
| Mexican War | the war between the United States and Mexico in which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory. |
| Millard Fillmore | vice president of Zachary Taylor; Whig president after Zachary Taylor |
| mission | religious establishments placed around California by Spanish Catholics |
| Mormon | religious group that sought religious freedom; practiced polygamy; led by Joseph Smith |
| mountain men | men that lived in the Rockies, trapped furs, and made trails |
| Oregon Territory | Northwest claimed by Britain and the United States...boundary was agreed to be the 49th parallel |
| Oregon Trail | most important route for settlers & missionaries going west |
| popular sovereignty | people of a territory should determine if they want to be a slave state or a free state. |
| Sam Houston | Commander of the Texas army at the battle of San Jacinto; later elected president of the Republic of Texas |
| Santa Anna | Mexico's president during Mexican-American War; captured at the Battle of San Jacinto |
| Santa Fe Trail | first American route west of the Missouri River; *trail mostly used by traders than settlers* |
| Stephen Austin | American who settled in Texas, one of the leaders for Texan independence from Mexico |
| Stephen Douglas | pushed the compromise of 1850; spitted Clay's measures into 5 separate bills |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | treaty that ended the Mexican War |
| Wilmot Proviso | clause proposed to ban slavery in any territory taken from Mexico |
| Winfield Scott | "Old Fuss and Feathers"; commander of the Veracruz operation who took Mexico City |
| Zachary Taylor | hero of Buena Vista during the Mexican War; known as "Old Rough and Ready" |
Created by:
Mrs_CC
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