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Theatre History 2
Exam 2- ENGLAND, RUSSIA, AUSTRIA, FRANCE, ITALY
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tom TAYLOR | England, PW, 70+ plays, "Our American Cousin", "The Ticket of Leave Man, Hawkshaw- character: detective |
| Dion BOUCICAULT | England, Most popular PW in world, 143 plays, "London Assurance"- CoM, "The Octaroon", noted for: sentimentality, wit, sensationalism, local color |
| Thomas William ROBERTSON | England, Actor, PW, SM- to Mme. Vestris; then Bancrofts, "Society", "Caste", - "Serious melodrama", precursors to realism |
| William Schwenck GILBERT | England, PW, Mostly Comedy, "Pygmalion and Galatea", "Engaged" |
| GILBERT and SULLIVAN | Characterized by: Light melodies, whimsical humor, satire; "Trial by Jury", "H.M.S. Pinafore"; first real operetta; 571 perfs! "The Pirates of Penzance", "The Mikado" |
| Charles KEAN | England, Actor, Manager, Son of Edmund |
| Kean Contributions (List of 6) | 1. Perfected pictorial realism 2. Brought back high-class clientele (Queen Victoria) 3. Rearranged the evening bill 4. Established long runs 5. Antiquarianism 6. Director as primary artist; no "stars" |
| The BANCROFTS (Marie and Squire) | England, Actors, Managers, domestic realism, contemporary drama, rarely did classics |
| The BANCROFTS Contributions (List of 7) | 1. Embraced the long run 2. Abandoned benefits; raised salaries 3. FIRST to tour w/ full sets 4. Dropped curtain raiser 5. Established matinee 6. Anchored acting US of proscenium arch 7. Established orchestra seats at best |
| Sir Henry IRVING | England, Actor, Manager (Lyceum Theatre), FIRST actor to be Knighted, Melodrama, Famous Hamlet (200 nights), Shylock, Climax of pictorial realism |
| Dame Ellen TERRY | England, Actor, Wife of Irving, mother of Gordon Craig, FIRST actress to be made Dame, Roles: Beatrice, Portia, Lady Mac |
| Ivan TURGENEV | Russian, PW, "Psychological realism", A Month in the Country" |
| Alexander OSTROVSKY | Russian, PW, FIRST professional Russian PW, "The Thunderstorm"- Realism, foreshadowing symbolism |
| Ludwig ANZENGRUBER | Austria, PW, Realist, "The Double Suicide", Peasant dramas and folk plays |
| Eugene SCRIBE | France, PW, 300+, "Adrienne Lecouvreur", Popularized "well-made play" formula, Directed own plays, "Directuer" |
| The "well-made play" | A combination and perfection of dramatic devices |
| What makes a Well-made play (List of 6) | 1. Careful exposition 2. Cause-to-effect arrangement of incidents 3. Build to a climax 4. Manipulation of withheld information 5. Reversals 6. Suspense |
| Alexander Dumas FILS | France, PW, Realist, Book: "The Lady of the Camellias", wrote Thesis Plays about social problems |
| Victorien SARDOU | France, PW, Realist, Heir to scribe, Pop PW, Pop Well-made play, "A Scrap of Paper"; farce, "La Tosca"; Melodrama, Sardoodledom- Term Shaw used to describe the mindlessness (shallowness) plays of this time period |
| Eugene LABICHE | France, PW, Realist, Comic, Finest Farce writer 19th c, Pop PW, "The Italian Straw Hat"; Farce |
| Francois DELSARTE | France, Theorist, Teacher, codified Diderot's theories, Formed "laws" of stage scientifically, 1st sig method of acting training, Physical, Mental, Spiritual |
| COQUELIN | France, Actor, World renown, Moliere, OG Cyrano de Bergerac, Book: "The Art of the Actor" |
| Sarah BERNHARDT | France, Actor, "The Divine Sarah", Grand acting style, Infamous, Dark stuff: pain, death, seductiveness, Dark eyes, slim fig, Golden voice, slept in coffin, salary in gold. Roles: Camille, Tosca, Phaedra, Dona Sol |
| Adelaide RISTORI | Italy, Actor, most famous, Toured Paris- US 4 times, Classical roles; Medea |
| Tommaso SALVINI | Italy, Actor, In Ristori's company, Fiery Tragedy, Roles: Macbeth, Lear, Othello, Terrified his leading ladies |
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