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Unit 5 Agriculture
Smoke the dab am i right kids
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Agriculture | Agriculture is the developing of crops and livestock for the use of humans. |
| Domestication | The process of genetically altering a plant or animal species through selective breeding so that it becomes dependent upon humans |
| Neolithic | Stone Age |
| First Agricultural Revolution | The period in history when humans first began to deliberately raise plants and animals for food or other purposes |
| Carl Sauer | An influential geographer who sought answers to the question: where did agriculture start and how? He developed an influential theory about domestication |
| Columbian Exchange | Brought European crops and animals to the Americas, and introduced Europeans to Native American crops |
| Polder | Area of land that has been reclaimed from the sea |
| Second Agricultural Revolution | Refrigeration and machinery (around the 1800s) tractor is most associated |
| Irrigation | Act of supplying crops with water |
| Terracing | Digging into a hillside to create steps so you can have steps in that land to farm |
| Deforestation | The cutting down of forests in order to use the land for agricultural purposes |
| Reclamation | Taking land that was waterlogged, draining it, and farming on it |
| Substance Agriculture | The production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer’s family |
| Commercial Agriculture | The production of food primarily for sale off the farm |
| Pastoral Nomad-ism | A form of subsistence agriculture based on the herding of domesticated animals |
| Transhumance | Mountain nomad-ism in which animals are moved from lowland pastures to highland pastures in the summer |
| Shifting Cultivation | A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another |
| Slash and Burn | Fields are prepared by clearing them and burning the brush |
| Fallow Fields | Fields are farmed for a short period and then left fallow for several years |
| Swidden | Cleared land |
| Intensive Substance Agriculture | A form of subsistence ag in which farmers expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land |
| Double Cropping | Planting and harvesting two crops in the same year |
| Plantation | A large commercial farm that specializes in one or two crops |
| Crop Rotation | Rotating the type of crop grown each year |
| Milkshed | The area around a market from which milk can be supplied without spoiling |
| Horticulture | Growing fruits vegetables and flowers |
| Ranching | Commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area |
| Ester Boserup | Studied this process and said that farmers increase supply by intensification of production(how a rapidly growing pop puts pressure on farming systems to produce enough food) |
| Boserup’s Thesis(reversal of Ester) | As population grows farmers are forced to adopt more intensive methods to feed the |
| Subsidies | Government assistance for farmers |
| Von Thunen model | Helps explain choices made by farmers |
| Transportation Threshold | A maximum distance it can be transported and still be sold at a profit |
| Green Revolution | The invention and rapid diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques from 1950s into the 80s |
| Plant Hybridization | Crossbreeding plants to create “miracle seeds” |
| GMO | Genetically Modified Organism(s) |
| Agribusiness | Term that refers to large corporations that make their money from selling farm machinery, equipment, and products |
| Metes and Bounds | A survey system in which natural features are used to demarcate individual parcels of land |
| Demarcate | To show the limits or edges of something |
| Land ordinance of 1785 | Created the township and range system |
| Sections | 1-square mile land parcels |
| Township | 36 section land square |
| Long Lot System | Long rectangles that help with getting access to water |
Created by:
Jacoba.trull
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