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Biotechnology-2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which three options were considered for increasing food production | Agrochemical based agriculture organic agriculture farming genetically engineered crop based agriculture |
| What is Agro chemical based agriculture | This involves the use of agrochemicals that is chemical products used in agriculture example pesticides insecticides, herbicides and fungicides it also includes synthetic fertilizers, hormones and other chemical growth agents |
| What is organic agriculture | In this farmer use biofertilizers, biopesticides and biocontrols to increase the crop production. Organic farming works in harmony with nature rather than against it |
| What is green revolution | Period in which significant increase in agricultural productivity of grains particularly wheat and rice was observed in 20th century resulting from introduction of improved crop varieties and Batra management practices and use of agrochemicals. |
| Who is the father of Green Revolution | Norman Ernest Borlaug |
| What was the result of Green Revolution | Its early dramatic success was in Mexico and the Indian subcontinent. It succeeded in tripling the food supply but yet it was not enough to feed the growing human population |
| What were the hindrances of Green Revolution | Agrochemicals were expensive, the new varieties required large amount of fertilizers and pesticides to produce high yields raising concern about cost and potentially harmful effects |
| Two general strategies of gene cloning | Gene addition in which cloning is used to alter the characteristics of a plant by providing it with one or more new genes and genes substraction in which existing genes are inactivated. |
| What are transgenic organisms | Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called genetically modified organisms are transgenic organisms |
| Usefulness of genetic modification | Made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses, reduced Reliance on chemical pesticides, helped to reduce post harvest losses, increased efficiency of mineral usage by plants, enhanced nutritional value of food |
| Who developed Golden rice and why | Golden rice was developed by Ingo Potrykus and Peter Beyer to combat vitamin A and iron deficiency as this could accumulate more beta-carotene |
| Science behind Golden rice | It is a transgenic variety of rice which contains good quantities of Beta carotene. Beta carotene is a principal source of vitamin A. Since the grains of the Rice are yellow in colour due to beta carotene, the rice is commonly called Golden rice |
| Process of making Golden rice | Beta-carotene is taken from the temperate Garden favourite Daffodil and inserted into the genome of a temperate strain of rice using agrobacterium tumefaciens as the vector to affect the transfer |
Created by:
sherickp
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