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Dosage Form
| Dosage Form | description |
|---|---|
| Tablets | 1) most popular dosage form. 2) prepared by mechanical compression. 3) must be dissolved in the stomach before any effects are seen |
| Chewable tablets | 1) chewed and dissolved in mouth prior to swallowing. 2) they also can be swallowed whole. |
| Enteric-coated tablets | 1) special coating over tablet prevents dissolution in stomach. 2) meant to dissolve in intestines only. 3) should never be chewed, broken or crushed prior to ingestion. 4) not to be taken with antacids because they can cause dissolution in stomach. |
| Sublingual tablets | 1) placed under tongue, where its quickly absorbed into bloodstream. 2) only small amounts of drug are needed. 3.) avoids the "first pass" effect= when drug circulates throughout the body its broken down in the liver (metabolized) |
| Buccal tablets | 1)placed between cheek and gum. 2) drug is dissolved slowly over a period of time. |
| Film-coated tablets | 1)special coating masks bad odor and taste. 2) prevents deterioration due to light and air |
| Sustained, time-release tablets | 1)active ingredient is released at a constant rate for prolonged period of time. 2) "long acting" |
| Lozenges | 1) "Troches or pastilles"2)meant to dissolve slowly in the mouth to keep the drug in contact with the mouth or throat longer. |
| Pellets | 1) cylinder shaped tablets. |
| Capsules | 1) drug enclosed in a gelatin shell (2) gelatin capsule is dissolved and drug released in stomach (3) eliminates bad tastes and odors of drugs |
| Effervescent tablets | 1) the acid base reaction within the drug releases carbon dioxide. the release is called effervescence. (2) form masks unpleasant salty or bitter taste. |
| Syrups | 1) high concentrations of sugar (2) sugar hinders bacteria growth. |
| solutions | 1)drug is fully dissolved in liquid |
| suspensions | medication is insoluble in liquid. (2) therefore it requires a shake well sticker |
| Elixir | (1)sweetened water with alcohol. (2) not for babies |
| Tinctures | highest concentrations of alcohol. |
Created by:
cbisel8901
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