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civics

unit 5 vocabulary

TermDefinition
Arrest • To seize or hold under the authority of the law.
Accused • someone who is charged with a crime in a court of law.
Appeal • to ask a higher court to review an earlier decision.
Appellate • the authority to hear an appeal of a decision by another court.
Arraignment • A hearing in which a suspect is charged with a crime and pleads guilt or not guilty.
Bail • Money paid to the court by an accused person to guarantee that he/she will appear for trial.
Circuit court • court of appeals in the federal court system.
Civil case • cases dealing with disputes between individuals -usually involving property or money.
Compensation • something received as an equivalent for debt, loss, injury, or suffering.
Criminal law • the group of laws that tell which acts are crimes, how the accused person should be tried in court, and how crimes should be punished.
Defendant • A person who is accused of a crime or who is being sued.
District court • the trial courts in the federal court system.
Due process • a process by which the government must treat accused persons fairly according to rules established by law.
Felony • Serious crime such as robbery or murder.
Indictment • A formal charge issued by a grand jury that names the suspect and states the charges against the suspect.
Judicial review • the Supreme Court’s power to overturn any law or executive action that it decides is in conflict with the Constitution.
Jurisdiction • the right or authority to hear a case.
Juvenile • a person under the age of 18.
Misdemeanor • A relatively minor crime such as shoplifting.
Plaintiff • Person or group that files a lawsuit in a civil case.
Plea • Statement by the accused saying whether they are guilty or not guilty.
Probable Cause • A reasonable belief that a crime has been committed.
Prosecution • A government body that brings a charge against the accused in criminal law.
Verdict • The decision of a judge or jury.
Warrant • A legal document issued by a court, giving police permission to make an arrest, seizure, or a search.
Created by: starr0464
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