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CH 14 Vocabulary
Formation of Western Europe Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| simony | a practice in which bishops sold positions in the church |
| gothic | a style of architecture that featured tall spires and pointed arches |
| Urban II | The pope who called for “Holy War” in 1093 |
| Crusade | another term for “holy war” to take control of the Holy Land |
| Saladin | Muslim leader who allowed Christians to feely visit the Holy Land after reaching a truce with the English King in 1192 |
| Richard the Lion Hearted | the English King who was left to lead the Third Crusade and regain the Holy Land |
| Reconquista | The long effort of the Spanish to drive the Muslims out of Spain |
| Inquisition | a court held by the Church to suppress heresy, or the practice of religious beliefs that differed from those of the church |
| Three-field system | villages used 3 fields of land instead of 2 to grow more crops |
| Guild | a group of merchants who worked to improve the economic and social conditions of its members |
| Commercial Revolution | expansion of trade and business as agriculture was expanding |
| Burgher | merchants and craftspeople who lived in the towns and who demanded privileges such as freedom from tolls and the right to govern their own town |
| Vernacular | the everyday language or common language |
| Thomas Aquinas | a scholar in the 1200s that said logic could prove many religious truths |
| Scholastics | scholars who met together at universities |
| William the Conquerer | the duke of Normandy who defeated the Anglo-Saxons to conquer England |
| Henry II | the English King who introduced the use of juries to the English Judicial System |
| Common Law | a unified body of law that became the basis for law in many English-speaking countries |
| Magna Carta | a document that guaranteed basic political rights and limited the English King’s power |
| Parliament | legislative assembly made up of the House of Commons and the House of Lords |
| Hugh Capet | French duke who began a dynasty of French Kings that ruled France from 987 to 1328 |
| Phillip II | Capetian King who greatly expanded the French Kingdom’s lands |
| Estates-General | an assembly made up of the First, Second, and Third Estates |
| Great Schism | the division in the church with three popes vying for power |
| John Wycliffe | taught that Jesus Christ, not the Pope was the true head of the Church |
| Jan Hus | a follower of Wycliffe, preached that the authority of the Bible was higher than that of the pope |
| Black Death | Bubonic Plaque - A deadly disease that wiped out one-third of the population of Europe |
| Joan of Arc | a woman who helped rescue France from its English conquerors |
Created by:
chocevar
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