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American Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Loyalists | Americans who were opposed to the war and independence. They believed that as British citizens, they owed their loyalty to the King. |
| Patriots | Americans who supported the war and independence. They protested 'taxation without representation' |
| Common Sense: Who, What, and Why? | Thomas Paine wrote this pamphlet that was distributed throughout the colonies. It argued that Americans should be independent form great Britain and have a government of their own. It convinced many Americans to support independence. |
| Declaration of Independence: The 4 Parts | 1. A statement of Natural Rights (Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness) 2. An explanation of why Americans were declaring Independence 2. A list of wrongs done by King George III 3. A statement that America is a free and Independent nation |
| Declaration of Independence: Main Idea | People have a right to rebel against an unjust government that does not protect its natural rights |
| John Locke: Ideas that inspired the Declaration of Independence AND Justified the rebellion | 1) People are born with natural rights. 2) The government exists to protect these rights. 3) If the government abuses it power, the people have the right rebel. |
| Advantages of Americans at Start of War | • Knowledge of the geography of the colonies • Experience in using rifles • A strong leader (G. Washington) • They were motivated by the fact that they were defending own homeland and way of life |
| Advantages of British at Start of War | - Largest Army and Navy in the World -Many experienced offices |
| Battles and Events: Lexington and Concord | -First Battle -Known as 'Shot Heard 'Round the World' |
| Minutemen | Nickname for Massachusetts militia due to their ability to be ready to fight at a minutes notice |
| Second Continental Congress | Included representatives from each colony who: • Sent the Olive Branch Petition of King George III • Established the Continental Army & Appointed George Washington as General • Wrote and signed the Declaration of Independence |
| Olive Branch Petition | Sent by the Continental Congress to King George III and Parliament asking them to repeal the Intolerable Acts. This was an attempt at making peace with the British |
| Declaration of Independence: Reactions | Patriots Celebrated throughout Colonies -Church bells rang in towns -Cannon and rifle fire echoed through cities -NYC- Statue of KGIII torn down, melted, and turned into over 42,000 musket balls (bullets) |
| What Next? | The ruling of America by a monarchy comes to an end. The creation of a new and stable government is the greatest challenge that lies ahead. |
| Battles and Events: Winter of Hardship at Valley Forge | 1777-1778: American army sets up camp for the winter at Valley Forge. Freezing temps and lack of food and supplied lead to hardship and suffering for the troops. Supplies, clothing and food could not reach the soldiers. |
| The Final Battle: The Siege of Yorktown | General Washington moved south and, together with French ground and naval forces, surrounded the British army, forcing its surrender and ending the war. |
| Battles and Events: Saratoga | This victory is recognized as the “turning point” of the American Revolution because French support will prove to be a huge factor in the outcome of the War |
| Battles and Events: Ticonderoga | Americans surprise the British- The cannons capture by the Green Mountain Boys would be used to force the British to surrender to the Patriots. |
| Battles and Event: Bunker Hill | Despite their loss, the inexperienced colonial forces inflicted significant casualties against the enemy, and the battle provided them with an important confidence boost. |
| Battles and Events: Spring of Hope at Valley Forge | Their ability to survive the winter, professional training, and news of France's support restore hope for the Americans |
| Why the Americans Won | -George Washington's Leadership -Accurate Rifles -Clever Tactics(Guerrilla Warfare/Outsmarting the Enemy) -Knowledge of Geography (Allowed the to outsmart/surprise the British) -Help from foreign allies: French & Spanish |
Created by:
rbaulch
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