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Chapter 27
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jiang Jeishi | leader of the nationalist Guomindang party in Chine, he was also known as Chiang Kai--Shek |
| Mao Zedong | leader of the Communist party in China |
| Long March | a 6,000 mile trek through China traveled by Communists to find a safe place beyond Guomindang control |
| Amritsar Massacre | 1919 incident in which British soldiers opened fire on unarmed Indian demonstrators, killing 400 people and convincing many Indians that the British rule must end |
| Mohandas Gandhu | leader of the nonviolent movement in India against the British rule |
| Kemal Ataturk | leader of the military effort to claim Anatolia for ethnic Turks, which led to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey |
| credit | an arrangement in which a purchaser borrows money from a bank or other lender and agrees to pay it back over time |
| Black Tuesday | October 29, 1929, a day when investors sold off 16 million shares of stock, leading to a massive stock market crash |
| Great Depression | severe downturn in the American economy that followed the 1929 stock market crash |
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt | U.S. President elected in 1932 who increased the governments could limit or prevent economic downturns by spending money even if this caused an unbalanced budget |
| New Deal | a government program that created jobs, spent more money in welfare and other relief programs, and regulated banking and the stock market |
| John Maynard Keynes | British economist who believed governments could limit or prevent economic downturns by spending money even if this caused an unbalanced budget |
| Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act | a 1930 act that played heavy taxes on goods imported to the United States in order to encourage Americans to buy goods made in the United States |
| Manchurian Incident | plot in which Japanese military leaders, acting independently of the civilian government, took over the Chinese region of Manchuria |
| Manchukuo | a new state under Japanese control, formerly Manchuria |
| Anti-Comintern Pact | agreement between Germany and Japan to work together to oppose the spread of communism and aid each other in the even of attack by the Soviet Union |
| Nanjing Massacre | event in which Japanese soldiers murdered Chinese men, women and children after capturing the city of Nanjing |
| Benito Mussolini | Italian dictator whose ideas led to drastic change in government and its view of Italy's role in the world |
| fascism | authoritarian form of government that places the good of the nation above all else, including individual needs and rights |
| totalitarianism | the attempt by a government to control all aspects of life |
| Joseph Stalin | leader who worked to turn the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state in order to strengthen communism |
| Gulag | a system of labor camps in the Siberian region of the Soviet Union |
| Adolf Hitler | dictator in Germany who rose to power in the the 1930s |
| Nazi Party | Germany's National Socialist Party, the political party of Adolph Hitler |
| anti-Semitism | hostility toward or prejudice against Jews |
| Nuremberg Laws | laws that created a separate legal status for German Jews, eliminating their citizenship and many civil and property rights |
| Kristallnacht | Night of the Broken Glass, an attack against Jews across Germany that occurred on November 9 and 10, 1938 |
Created by:
tinsleylett
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