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8th SS - Chapter 12
Chapter 12:An Age of Reform
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| social reform | organized attempts to improve conditions of life |
| predestination | the idea that God decided the fate of a person's soul |
| revival | huge outdoor religious meeting |
| temperance movement | an organized effort to end alcohol abuse and the problems created by it |
| prohibition | total ban on the sale and consumption of alcohol |
| Dorothea Dix | Massachusetts schoolteacher who took up the cause of prison reform |
| public schools | free schools supported by taxes |
| Horace Mann | man from Massachusetts who took up educational reform |
| abolitionists | reformers who wanted to abolish (end) slavery |
| Fredrick Douglas | born into slavery, famous and powerful abolitionist speaker |
| Harriett Tubman | former slave who escorted more than 300 people to freedom via the secret Underground Railroad |
| women's suffrage | right of women to vote |
| women's rights movement | an organized effort to improve the political, legal, and economic status of women in American society |
| Seneca Falls Convention | gathering formed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott to discuss the social, civil, and religious rights of women |
| Transcendentalism | a movement that sought to explore the relationship between humans and nature through emotions rather than through reason; originated in the United States |
| Romanticism | artistic movement originating in Europe that emphasized placing greater value on nature, emotions, and imagination rather than reason |
| Ralph Waldo Emerson | leading transcendentalist and stressed individualism |
| individualism | the unique importance of each individual |
| Henry David Thoreau | transcendentalist who took up Emerson's challenge; spent 2 years in nature at Walden Pond; encouraged civil disobedience |
| civil disobedience | the idea that people should peacefully disobey unjust laws if their consciences demand it |
| Herman Melville | author of Moby-Dick |
| Nathaniel Hawthorne | author of The Scarlet Letter |
| Louisa May Alcott | author of Little Women |
| Underground Railroad | network of people who secretly helped slaves reach freedom |
Created by:
MissMisiak
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