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Unit 3: Early US

Vocabulary and People

TermDefinition
1787 Year the Constitution of the United States was written
Amend To alter or change
Anti-Federalists Political Party opposed to the ratification of the Constitution
Checks and Balances System set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check, or control, the actions of the other branches
Constitutional Convention May 25 - September 17, 1787; met in Philadelphia, PA to address US governing problems under the Articles of Confederation; created US Constitution instead of fixing the Articles of Confederation
Constitutional Principles Key ideas embedded in the Constitution to help guide the government (Popular Sovereignty, Republicanism, Limited Government, Federalism, Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances, and Individual Rights)
Federalism Sharing of power between the states and the national government
Federalists Political party in support of ratification of the US Constitution
Framers One of the people who wrote the US Constitution
Great Compromise Created two houses of Congress; one based on population, the other gave equal representation to each state
House of Representatives Legislative body where the number of states' representatives is proportional to their population
Legislative Branch of the government in charge of creating laws
Limited Government Government's power is limited by the Constitution
New Jersey Plan Created 3 branches but only 1 house in Congress; the number of representatives in the legislative branch would be equal
Popular Sovereignty Ultimate power and final authority is held by citizens
Republicanism People exercise their power by voting for their political repressentatives
Senate Legislative body where the number of a states' representatives is equal among the states
Shay's Rebellion Rebellion by Massachusetts farmers in response to high taxes; showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Three-Fifths Compromise 3 out of every 5 slaves counts towards a states population for the purpose of determining representation
US Constitution Sets out the laws and principles of the government of the United States
Virginia Plan Created 3 branches and 2 houses in Congress; the number of representatives in both houses are based on population
George Mason Member of Virginia Legislature, wrote Virginia Declaration of Rights which influenced Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence, became an Anti-Federalist and worked against Constitution ratification
Created by: BCBundy
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