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Ch. 4- pg. 76-93
Mesopotamia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| fine particles of fertile soil left behind when the rivers flooded | silt |
| a system that supplies dry land with water through ditches, pipes, or streams | irrigation |
| a person who uses cuneiform to copy or write out documents; often a record keeper; very few people had this job | scribe |
| world's first system of writing developed by the Sumerians; used wedge-shaped marks made in soft clay; used for keeping records | cuneiform |
| a city that governs itself and its surrounding territory; independent; surrounded by mud walls and a gate | city-state |
| a pyramid-shaped structure with a temple at the top; used for religious ceremonies; located in the center of a city-state | ziggurat |
| a belief in more than one god; Sumerians believed the gods controlled EVERYTHING | polytheism |
| a long poem that records the deeds of a legendary or real hero; the oldest one is about a hero called Gilgamesh | epic |
| a group of lands controlled by one ruler; Sargon created the first one | empire |
| a set of official laws | code |
| a forced payment made to a ruler as a sign of surrender | tribute |
| a political district within a larger country or empire; Assyrian kings created them to make ruling a large area easier | province |
| a group of merchants traveling together for safety, usually with a large number of camels | caravan |
| a person who studies planets and stars; the Chaldean ones mapped the stars, planets, and moon phases and also invented the first sundials and the seven-day week | astronomer |
| an area of land that has geographic features that set it apart from other areas | region |
| king that united the city-states of Sumer to create the first empire | King Sargon |
| King of Babylon who created a code of law | King Hammurabi |
| the modern country where Mesopotamia would be located today | Iraq |
| epic poems written about this legendary hero | Gilgamesh |
| the Chaldean king who rebuilt Babylon | Nebuchadnezzar |
| the "land between the rivers" | Mesopotamia |
| a group of people who had a large and powerful army; they won battles because of their iron weapons | Assyrians |
| the amount that is left over after a need has been met; Mesopotamians were able to trade because of it | surplus |
| a system that divides people into classes based on the jobs they perform; highest rank at the top; lowest rank at the bottom | social classes |
| a monotheism religion that was made up of Israelites | Judaism |
| belief in one God | monotheism |
| messenger sent by God to share his word with people | prophet |
| an agreement with God | covenant |
| a set of laws that God wanted the Israelites to follow | Ten Commandments |