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Phylum porifera

QuestionAnswer
Porifera Pore bearing Evolutionary origin is unicellular Protists called choanoflagellates Earliest fossils are 580 mya Ab 900 species identified
Characteristics Radial or asymmetrical Colonial All aquatic, most are marine Sessile and attached as adults Sessile= non moving
Sponge body plan Body with many pores called Ostia Water enters the sponge through Ostia The central cavity or chamber is called spongocoel Opening water is pushed out as waste= osculum
Osculum Opening where water is pushed out as waste
Outer covering of sponges Line with spicules/ spongin
Spicules Microscopic spines made of calcium or silicon ( spiny)
Spongin Fibrous protein ( squishy)
Presence of flagellated collar cells called CHOANOCYTES Where food is taken in Amoebacytes Move food particles and reproductive materials to where they are needed
Pinacocytes Flattened cells on outer surface of the sponge that stretch to form the sponges shape
Mesohyl Jelly like matrix between cell layers
Sponges have no Nervous tissue Muscular system Tissues Organ Organ systems
Sponge digestion Intracellular with simple diffusion Respiratory and excretion done with simple diffusion
Sponge and water circulation patterns Asconoid Syconoid Leuconoid
Asconoid Flagellated spongocoels
Syconoid Flagellated canals
Leuconoid Flagellated chambers
Larval stage sponge Amphiblastula- free swimming stage Parenchymula- free swimming stage
Classification CLASS CALCAREA ( LIME SPONGE) Sycon and leucoselenia
Class hexactinelida GLASS SPONGE Euplectella
Class demospongiae BATH SPONGE/ FRESHWATER SPONGE Polymastia Xestospongia
Class homoscleromorpha Massive encrusting sponges Oscarella
Asexual reproduction ( RBG) Regeneration- part is removed, regenerates rest of organisms Budding- smaller version of adult grows on organism, falls off, settles, develops into adult Gemmules- resistant capsules containing masses of cells
Sexual reproduction Hermaphrodites No gonad Sperm made in choanocytes Eggs made in archeocytes
Impact/ uses Used in aquaculture As bath or car wash sponges Antibiotic compounds Decoration Anti cancer drugs Symbiotic relation with smaller organisms
Created by: Iamnotmaddy
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