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U.S. History 10/25
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Great Depression | A period lasting from 1929-1940 in which the U.S. economy was in severe decline and millions of Americans were unemployed. |
Dust Bowl | The region, including Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico, that was made worthless for farming by drought and dust storms during the 1930’s. |
John Steinbeck | Writer during the Great Depression who wrote The Grapes of Wrath. Depicted the plight of the poor tenant farmers who lost everything during the dust bowl |
New Deal | President Franklin Roosevelt's program to alleviate the problems of the Great Depression, focusing on relief for the needy, economic recovery and financial reform . |
Franklin Roosevelt | Elected President in1932 who introduced a New Deal program to get the economy moving again. |
Fireside Chats | President Roosevelt used the radio to speak directly to the American people. He explained his policies in simple conversational terms. |
Eleanor Roosevelt | A political activist, who served as the eyes and ears to her husband, President Roosevelt. |
Social Security Act | A law in 1935 to provide aid to retirees, the unemployed, people with disabilities and families with dependent children |
Glass-Steagall Banking Act | This law in 1933 established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation(FDIC) to protect individual bank accounts. |
Court Packing | Roosevelt adapted a plan to appoint six supreme court justices giving him control over the court. His scheme was condemn by the public and rejected by Congress. |
Federal Home Loan Bank Act | A law in 1931 that lowered home mortgage rates and allowed farmers to refinance their loans and avoid foreclosure. |
Federal Securities Act | A law in 1933 that required corporations to provide complete accurate information on all stock offerings. |
Deficit Spending | A government’s spending of more money than it receives in revenue . |
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) | A law in 1933 to raise crop prices by paying farmers to leave a certain amount of their land unplanted, thus lowering production |
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) | An agency established as part of the New Deal, that put young unemployed men to work building roads, developing parks, planting trees and helping in erosion-control and flood control projects. |
Securities and Exchange Commission | An agency created in 1934 that monitors the stock market and enforces laws regulating the sale of stocks and bonds. |
Works Progress Administration | A agency established as apart of the Second New Deal, that provided the unemployed with jobs in construction, garment making, teaching, the arts and other fields. |
Wagner Act (NLRB) | A law– also known as the National Labor Relations Act in 1935 to protect workers’ rights after the Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional |
Frances Perkins | First female member of the US Cabinet when she was appointed Secretary of Labor. She played a key role in the passage of a number of labor laws. |
National Recovery Act | A Law in 1933 to established codes of fair practices for industries and to promote industrial growth. (NIRA |
Direct Relief | The giving of money or food by the government directly to needy people. |
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) | A federal corporation established in 1933 to construct dams and power plants in the Tennessee Valley region to generate electricity as well as to prevent floods. |
Welfare State | Government that assumes responsibility for providing the welfare of the poor, sick, elderly, and unemployed |
Mexican Repatriation Act | Law that forced people of Mexican descent to return to Mexico, which in many cases was carried out without due process |
National Industrial Recovery Act | A law enacted in 1933 to establish codes of fair practice for industries and to promote industrial growth |