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Chapter 3
Industrialization
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Railroad companies raised most of the money that they needed to build their railroads from | selling government land grants |
| By the early 1900s, American had transformed the United States into the world's leading | industrial nation |
| Workers who tried to organize a union or strike were often fired and placed on a list of "troublemakers" called the | blacklist |
| A steel company that owns the coal mines, limestone quarries, and iron ore fields it depends on is an example of | vertical integration |
| Economies of scale resulted in | lower costs and increased production |
| Supporters of laissez-faire believed the government should interfere in the economy only to | protect property rights and maintain peace |
| Construction of the Union Pacific Railroad pushed west from | Omaha, Nebraska |
| The Great Northern became the most successful transcontinental railroad in part because of | its founder's good decisions and honest business practices. |
| Agreements among companies to keep prices at a certain level were known as | pools |
| ___ was equally as important as natural resources in the nation's rapid industrialization | increased population |
| The railroad boom began in 1862 when President Abraham Lincoln signed the | Pacific Railway Act |
| By linking the nation, railroads helped increase the size of markets for | Products |
| N.W. Ayer and Son developed bold new formats for | advertising |
| What incident occurred in 1886 that badly hurt the Knights of Labor's reputation? | Haymarket Riot |
| As the nation was industrializing, Congress used tariffs to | help American industries compete with European manufacturers. |
| A person who manages another person's property is called a ____ | trustee |
| Prices of many products increased as the United States became an industrial nation | False |
| Before the Civil War, most railroads had been built to promote specific cities or to serve local needs | true |
| To encourage railroad construction across the Great Plains, the federal government gave free steel to many railroad companies. | False |
| Andrew Carnegie founded a steel company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1875 | true |
| Issuing stock to stockholders allows a corporation to raise large amounts of money for big projects while spreading out the financial risk. | True |
| Business pools would break apart when one member cut prices to steal market share from another. | true |
| The Knights of Labor called for a twelve-hour workday and a government bureau of labor statistics. | false |
| The American Federation of Labor was the first nationwide union | false |
| Some labor supporter who were anarchists believed that society did not need any | government |
| Who invented the telephone, which revolutionized both business and personal communication | Alexander Graham Bell |
| The first nationwide labor protest was the | Great Railroad Strike |
| A ____ was a technique for breaking a union through which the company refused to allow workers onto their property. | lockout |
| Employers generally viewed unions as | conspiracies that interfered with property |
| Most unions in the late 1800s excluded women. | True |
| In the late 1800s, workers' buying power generally decreased. | false |
| Some labor supporters were anarchists, who believed society did not need any government. | true |
| Even before the invention of the automobile, petroleum was in high demand because it could | be turned into kerosene |
| Laissez-faire relies on___ to regulate prices and wages | supply and demand |
| During the early days of industrialization, many members of Congress believed that tariffs were necessary to | protect new industries from foreign competition |
| What is one advantage that big corporations had over small business? | they could produce goods more cheaply and efficiently |
| The total value of all goods and services that a country produces | gross national product |
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Lilmonkey2014
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