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Renaissance
History Section 12 Chapters 1 --> 2, page 398
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Renaissance | European time of rebirth, between 1350 and 1550 |
| Urban society (characteristics of renaissance) | Powerful city states that became the center of political, economic, and social life with worldly viewpoints |
| Age of recovery (characteristics of renaissance) | Recovery from plague, political instability, and decline of church power |
| New viewpoint of mankind (characteristics of renaissance) | Humanism, realization of what humans could actually achieve |
| Milan | One of the richest city-states in Italy, located in the north at the crossroads of main trade route |
| Francesco Sforza | conquered Milan and became the new duke. Led mercenaries, and created an efficient tax system and generated revenue for the government |
| Venice | Major northern city-state. Link between Asia and Western Europe for trade. republic with an elected leader called a doge. |
| Florence | Dominated the region of Tuscany, had many successful wars against their neighbors |
| Cosimo de Medici | Took control from behind the scenes, used wealth and personal influence to dominate. Ruled in Florence. |
| Lorenzo de Medici | Cosimo's grandson, who ruled after he died |
| Girolomo Sovonarola | Began condemning the corruption of the Medici, and citizens became frustrated. He was a preacher. Overthrew Medici, but people didnt like his strict rules, so they got Medici back. |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Wrote a book called The Prince that influenced political leaders. Said a ruler must put your state first, and not focus on moral principles. (If you do something that bad, but the outcome if for the better, then its right. for power) |
| Noble | Nobles were the leaders of the land. Had to have character, grace talent. Had to be warrior but with classical education, and had to follow a code of conduct. Their goal was to serve the prince in an effective an honest way. |
| Dowry | A sum of money that the family gave to the husband upon marriage |
| Humanism | Study of all the things that humans create, such as history, poetry, grammar, rhetoric, literature, math, music, etc... |
| Petrarch | Believed we needed to stress education, and emphasized classical Latin to writings of scholars and lawyers. |
| Dante | Wrote Divine Comedy, about the journey a soul makes to salvation (either good or bad) |
| Chaucer | Wrote The Canterbury Tales, used English dialect to tell the tale of pilgrims journeying to the tomb of Saint Thomas |
| Vernacular | The language Chaucer wrote in, making this kind of literature popular (slang) |
| Christine de Pizan | Wrote in French dialect, about women's rights of education. |
| Fresco | Painting done on fresh wet plaster with water-based paints. Created three dimensional illusions leading to a new realistic style of painting. |
| Realism painting | Painting with real proportions |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Painted mostly realistic paintings, idealized forms of nature+humans |
| Raphael | Was well known for Madonna paintings. Works reveal balanced, harmony, and order. |
| Michelangelo | Painter, sculptor, architect. Depictions of idealized humans meant divine beauty. Famous for paintings at the top of the Vatican. |
| Flanders | Most important art school in northern Europe. |
| Jan van Eyck | First to use oil paintings |
| Albrecht Durer | Traveled to Italy to study Italian standards and laws of perspective. |
Created by:
helenb16
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