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Schwartz AP Gov 6
Campaigns and Elections
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) (2002) | act that banned soft money contributions and increased the limits on hard money contributions |
| blanket primary | allows voters to cast ballots for candidates in multiple parties |
| Buckley v Valeo | Supreme court case on campaign finance. Ruled that limits on election spending in the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 were unconstitutional |
| closed primary | only voters registered for the party holding the primary may vote |
| coattail effect | tendency for a popular political party leader to attract votes for another candidate in the same party |
| Federal Elections Campaign Act (FECA) | the primary US federal law regulating political campaign spending and fundraising. Focused on increased disclosure of contributions |
| Federal Elections Commission | agency whose purpose is to enforce campaign finance law |
| front loading | states scheduling their primaries and caucuses earlier to boost their political clout and enhance tourism |
| general election | regular election for statewide or national office , as opposed to a primary |
| hard money | donations given directly to a candidate, that can be traced and regulated |
| incumbent | officeholder seeking re-election |
| invisible primary | phase where the candidates compete in polls and appear in the media to see who is "fit to run" |
| Iowa caucuses | rank and file party members meet to discuss candidates and take a vote on who they like |
| McConnell v FEC | upheld the constitutionality of most of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act |
| midterm elections | federal elections that take place halfway through a president's term |
| New Hampshire primary | traditionally first primary in the US, candidates travel the state to seek endorsement |
| open primary | a primary election where voters are not required to declare party affiliations |
| plurality | the number of votes cast for a candidate who receives more than any other but does not receive a majority |
| political action committees (PACS) | an organization that raises money privately to influence elections or legislation |
| primary election | a preliminary election to select candidates for a general election |
| runoff election | election that the top two vote-getters compete in to guarantee a majority for one or the other |
| soft money | cash donations to a party or candidate that is not tracked |
| sound bites | short, simple phrases, less than 10 seconds, that oversimplify a candidate's position and cast a positive or negative light |
| Super Tuesday | day when several states hold primaries on the same day, usually in February or March |
| winner take all | the candidate who wins a plurality of votes receives all that states' electoral votes |
Created by:
schwarms1
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