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Chapter 1 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Historian | a person who studies and writes about the people and events of the past. |
| Artifact | weapons, tools, or other items made by humans. |
| Nomads | person who regularly moves from place to place. |
| Domesticate | to tame animals and plants for human use. |
| Specialization | the development of different kinds of jobs. |
| Civilization | complex society with cities, organized government, art, and religion, e.t.c. |
| Irrigation | method of bringing water to a field from another place to water crops. |
| City-State | Independent state made up of a city and the surrounding land and villages. |
| Artisan | skilled craft-person |
| Cuneiform | Sumerian system of writing made up of wedge-shaped markings. |
| Scribe | record keeper. |
| Empire | group of territories or nations under a single ruler or government |
| Province | political district. |
| Caravan | group of traveling merchants and animals. |
| Astronomers | person who studies stars, planets, and other heavenly bodies. |
| In what culture/civilization did the stories of Gilgamesh originate and where was it located (region)? | Sumer or Mesopotamia |
| How would you describe Mesopotamia's climate? | Hot and dry |
| Who was Hammurabi and what is he most known for? | King of Babylon that developed a legal code that covered most areas of daily life. |
| Where was the center of the Chaldean empire? | Babylon |
| What is bronze made from? | A mixture of copper and tin |
| What were the Ice Ages? | Times of extreme cold when large sheets of ice covered parts of the earth. |
| What is another name for the Agricultural Revolution? What does it mean (translate)? | Neolithic Revolution |
| Draw and label the social class pyramid of the Sumerians (be specific about which groups are in each class). | Draw the picture: Upper class: kings, priests, and government officials Middle class: artisans, merchants, farmers, and fishers Lower class: enslaved people |
| What economic activity helped to spread ideas around the world? | Trade |
| What did the Sumerians invent (3 major inventions)? | Wagon wheel, sailboat, and plow |
| Who was the king of the Akkadians who conquered all of Mesopotamia? | Sargon |
| Who did the Chaldean rebel against (and then set up their own empire in the region? | Assyrians |
| What occupation did most early kings have (that got them position of king)? | War heroes |
| What is a primary source? Give 2 examples. | Firsthand pieces of evidence from people who saw or witnessed the event. Ex: diaries, journals, letters, official records |
| What is prehistory? | Prehistory is the time before people developed writing, about 5,500 years ago. |
| What is cause and effect? | A "cause" is what makes an event happen. The event that happens as a result of the cause is known as an effect. |
| Why do some historians consider the farming revolution to be the most important event in human history? (BE THOROUGH IN YOUR ANSWER). | greater security being settled allowed people to build more houses farming gave people a better food supply which allowed populations to grow not everyone had to farm so this allowed people to turn their attention to developing specialized skills |
| Describe some of the military accomplishments of the Assyrians? (BE THOROUGH IN YOUR ANSWERS). | using battering rams tunneling under walls climbing over walls with ladders 1st large army to use iron weapons |
| What is a civilization? (Please describe each characteristic). | A complex society with cities, organized governments, art, religion, class divisions, and writing systems |
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1964109916
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