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Schwartz AP Gov 1
Constitution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| John Locke | philosopher who argued for natural law,the theory that people were born free and equal |
| Declaration of Independence | document that justified the United States' break from Britain and proclaimed their independence to the world |
| Articles of Confederation | series of statements that defined the initial national government and redefined the former colonies as states |
| Virginia Plan | plan presented by Virginia delegates at the Constitutional Convention calling for a bicameral legislatures where both Houses size would be determined by population |
| New Jersey Plan | plan presented by New Jersey delegates calling for a unicameral legislature where each state would be equally represented |
| Great Compromise | created a 2 house Congress where one house would be based on population and one would have equal representation |
| House of Representatives | house of Congress whose representation for each state is based on population |
| Senate | house of Congress with equal representation for each state |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | the plan to count every slave as 3/5 of a person when determining population for each state |
| Preamble | mission statement for the Constitution |
| checks and balances | system of overlapping the powers of the legislative, executive and judicial branches to permit each branch to "check" the actions of the others |
| Electoral College | group of people chosen in each state and Washington DC to make a formal selection of a President |
| commerce clause | empowers Congress to regulate trade with other nations and among the states |
| elastic clause | Congress shall have the power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution |
| supremacy clause | states that the Constitution, federal law and treaties of the United States is the "supreme law of the land" |
| Federalists | people who supported the ratification of the Constitution |
| Anti-Federalists | people who opposed the ratification of the Constitution |
| Federalist Papers | a series of essays that explained the Constitutional Framers' intentions. Written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay |
| Bill of Rights | the first 10 amendments to the Constitution |
| pocket veto | when the President does not sign a bill before Congress adjourn and it is automatically vetoed |
| judicial review | the power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a government action |
| Marbury v Madison | the court case that gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review |
| reserved powers | the powers that the Constitution does not grant to the national government and does not deny to the states |
| participatory democracy | depends on direct participation of many, if not most, people in a society to vote directly for laws instead of voting for people to represent their interests |
| pluralist democracy | belief that the ideas and viewpoints in the US are so scattered and so varied that no single view can control the shaping of public policy |
| elite democracy | belief that the spread of power is unequal because the people with resources and influence dominate |
Created by:
schwarms1
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