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Chapter 3
The Colonies Come of Age
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mercantilism | An economic system in which nations seek to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by establishing a favorable balance of trade. |
| Parliament | The legislative body of England. |
| Navigation Acts | A series of laws enacted by Parliament, beginning in 1651, to tighten England's control of trade in its American colonies. |
| Glorious Revolution | The transfer of the British Monarchy from James II to William and Mary in 1688-1689. |
| Salutary Neglect | An English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies in return for the colonies' continued economic loyalty. |
| Cash Crop | A crop grown by a framer for sale rather than for personal use. |
| Slave | A person who becomes the property of others. |
| Triangular Trade | The triangular system of trade in which goods and people, including slaves, were exchanged between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in North America. |
| Middle Passage | The voyage that brought enslaved Africans to the West Indies and later to North America. |
| Stono Rebellion | A 1739 uprising of slaves in South Carolina, leading to the tightening of already harsh slave laws. |
| Enlightenment | An 18th-century intellectual movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method as means of obtaining knowledge. |
| Jonathan Edwards | Leading figure of the Great Awakening in the American colonies. |
| Great Awakening | A revival of religious feelings tin the American colonies during the 1730s and 1750s. |
| George Washington | Leader of colonial militia in the French and Indian War. His success would grow his reputation within the colonies. |
| French and Indian War | A conflict in North America, lasting from 1754 to 1763, that was a part of a worldwide struggle between France and Britain and that ended with the defeat of France and the transfer of French Canada to Britain. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | An order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. |
| Sugar Act | A trade law enacted by Parliament in 1764 in an attempt to reduce smuggling in the British colonies in North America. |
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