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Unit 1
Basics, Reconstruction, and Western Expansion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 13th Amendment | banned slavery |
| 14th Amendment | made African-Americans citizens |
| 15th Amendment | gave African-Americans the right to vote |
| Segregation | to separate the races to keep them apart in such situations housing schools, restrooms, drinking fountains, etc. |
| Carpetbagger | a nickname for a Northern who went South during reconstruction in the hope of getting rich |
| Sharecropper | a farmer that worked on land owned by another person and many freed slaves in the South after the Civil War became sharecroppers |
| Reconstruction | period after the Civil War when the South was rebuilt and was also the federal program to rebuild it |
| Radical Reconstruction | divided the South into 5 military districts, guaranteed all African American men the right to vote and it prevented former Confederate leaders from holding office |
| Jim Crow Laws | passed by Southern states that required African American and whites to be separated in almost every public place |
| Manifest Destiny | idea held by Americans during the 1800’s that the United States should stretch across the continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans |
| Transcontinental Railroad | a railroad that stretches across a continent - the first U.S. transcontinental railroad was built in 1863 by the Union Pacific & Central Pacific railroads |
| Homestead Act | a law passed in 1862 to encourage people to settle in the West by giving 160 acres of free land to a farmer |
| Vigilante | people who take the law into their own hands |
| Subsidies | grant of money from the government to a person or company for an action intended to benefit the public |
| Long Drive | the herding of cattle for 1,000 miles or more to meet the railroad |
| Vaquero | a Hispanic ranch hand |
| Sodbusters | a name given to the Plains farmer |
| Dry Farming | a way of farming dry land in which seeds are planted deep in the ground where there is some moisture |
| Populism | appeal to the common people |
| Civil War Amendments | 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments |
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ReetuPp1
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