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Extra Credit Terms
Final Exam Part 2 Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Causes of the Great Depression | International debt, bank and business failures, unequal distribution of income, industry and farm crises, and the stock market crash. |
| Vietnamization | President Nixon’s plan to end America’s involvement in the Vietnam War by gradually withdrawing U.S. troops from Vietnam so that South Vietnamese troops could be more active. |
| Vietnam War Timeline | The French attempt to retake colonies in Vietnam; the U.S. steps in; Congress passes the Tonkin Gulf Resolution; U.S. troops arrive in Vietnam; Americans start to oppose the war; Vietnam launches the Tet Offensive; and Vietnamization ends the war. |
| The New Deal | President Franklin Roosevelt’s program that focused on bringing America’s economy out of the Great Depression through relief, recovery, and reform. |
| McCarthyism | Senator Joseph McCarthy’s tactic of unfairly accusing people of being Communists in the early 1950's, without providing substantial evidence. |
| SCLC | An organization founded by Martin Luther King, Jr. and other leaders in 1957 that worked to gain civil rights through nonviolent protests, demonstrations, and marches. |
| Cold War | A bitter and tense non-military conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union that resulted over the issue of communism after WWII. |
| Bay of Pigs | A failed military invasion by the United States’ CIA and Cuban exiles to overthrow Fidel Castro’s communist government in Cuba. |
| Cesar Chavez | A Mexican-American farm worker who helped organize and found the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee, a farm workers union. |
| The Great Society | President Lyndon B. Johnson’s program that aimed at ending poverty and racial injustice, and promoted a better quality of life for all Americans. |
| Saving money during the Great Depression | Women helped their families by sewing their own clothing, growing and canning their own food, and taking jobs outside the home. |
| The Highway Act of 1956 | An act passed by President Eisenhower that authorized the construction of a highway system of 41,000 miles of expressways to be built across the nation. |
| Korean War | A civil war between North and South Korea, in which China supported the communist North and the U.S. supported the nationalist South. |
| Freedom Rides | A series of bus trips throughout the South, where black riders protested segregation and hoped to provoke a violent response in order to gain support for civil rights. |
| Watergate | A scandal involving President Nixon and his administration, and their attempt to cover up a burglary of information from the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex. |
| Pearl Harbor | The surprise Japanese bombing of the U.S. naval base in Hawaii that forced the United States to enter WWII. |
| President Truman dropping the Atomic Bomb | President Truman did not hesitate to the use of the atomic bomb to bring WWII to an end. |
| Manhattan Project | A secret project of the U.S. government to develop an atomic bomb to end WWII. |
| WWII and Hitler | WWII was caused by the rise of dictators, such as Hitler, who wanted to expand and spread totalitarian governments. Hitler was also bitter about the Treaty of Versailles and the Jews. |
| Women and WWII | Women gained employment opportunities during WWII by joining the armed forces overseas and by taking over the jobs left behind by men on the home front. |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | An intense standoff in October of 1962, between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over the Soviet Union supplying nuclear missiles to Cuba, which could have been directly used against the U.S. to start a nuclear war. |
| President Reagan’s presidency | Characterized by a wave of conservatism, “Reaganomics,” and political and economic reform. |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | A resolution passed in 1964 that gave President Johnson broad military powers to use in the Vietnam War. |
| Reaganomics | An economic policy created by President Reagan that focused on three things: budget cuts, tax cuts, and increased defense spending. |
| 1950’s Economic Growth in the U.S. | Americans had money to spend from their savings during the war, supply and demand boomed, and unemployment and inflation were low. |
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HayZ1999
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