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ch 40
N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| N. meningitidis often referred to as | meningococcus |
| N. meningitidis causes | meningitis and meningococcemia (sepsis) |
| meningococcemia is | life threatening sepsis |
| in the gram stain the organisms appear | round and in pairs |
| gram stain | neg diplococcus |
| N. miningitidis is 1. oxidase 2. morphology 3. gram stain | 1. pos 2. diplococus 3. gram negative |
| no cure but there is a | vaccine |
| N. meningitidis is the only meningitis known to cause | epidemics |
| N. meningitidis is the main cause of what in children and young adults | bacterial meningitis |
| Organism requires iron from its host. this may be the reason it only infects | humans |
| how is it transmitted? | thru the exchange of saliva and other respiratory secretions |
| it infects the host cell be adhering by means of | fimbrae |
| meningitis initially produces general symptoms like | fatigue |
| it can rapidly progress to | fever, headache, neck stiffness coma and death |
| death occurs in | 10% |
| suspicion of meningitis is a | medical emergency |
| if meningococcal meningitis or septicemia is suspected what should be done | IV antibiotics |
| severe complication of meningitis is | waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome |
| waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome can cause | DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation) |
| DIC causes clots, no oxygen gets to the tissues, cause of | amputation |
| Meningococcal septcemia causes a purpuric rash that does not lose its color when pressed with a glass (nonblanching glass test) and does not cause | typical symptoms, so the condition maybe ingnored. |
| Septicemia has what mortality rate | 50% |
| Anyone with a non-blanching rash is advised to | go to the hospital asap |
| N. meningitidis is pyogenic, so there are many xxx in the gram stain | neutrophils |
| what agars does N. meningitidis grow | SAP (sheep blood agar), choc |
| identification depends on | specimen source |
| isolates from children or those who may have been sexually abused must be | unequivocably identified |
| isolates from genital sites are | presumptively identified |
| presumptive test | oxidase positive, gram neg diplococci, growth on gonococcal selective agar |
| eye and ear cultures that are presumptively positive but hydrolyze tributyrin are | M. catarrhalis |
| Neisseria don't hydrolyze | tributyrin |
| N. gonorrhoeae is a significant pathogen of the | urogenital tract |
| N. gonorrhoeae is a major cause of | sexually transmitted diseases |
| gonorrhoeae may be purulent or | make pus |
| gonorrhoeae symptoms differ depending on the | site of infection |
| gonorrhoeae 10% of infected males and 80% of infected females are | asymptomatic |
| gonorrhoeae Infection of the genitals may result in a purulent discharge from the genitals which may | foul smelling |
| gonorrhoeae symptoms may include | inflammation (redness, swelling) and cause painful urination |
| gonorrhoeae are localized to | mucosal surfaces |
| In addition to genital disease can cause conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, proctitis or urethritis, prostatitis and orchitis. | N. gonorrhoeae |
| gonorrhoeal conjunctivitis is common in | neonates |
| neonatal gonorrheal conjunctivitis is contracted in the birth canal and can result in | blindness |
| disseminated N. gonorrhoeae infections can occur, resulting in | endocarditis, meningitis, gonococcal dernatitis-arthritis syndrome |
| infection of the genitals in females with N. gonorrhoeae can result in | pid |
| untreated pelvic inflammatory disease can lead to | infertility |
| the percentage of PID leading to infertility from N. gonorrhoeae infection is | 10-20% |
| A severe complication of N. memingitidis caused by adrenal insufficiency and disseminated intravascular coagulation. | Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome |
Created by:
nawchem
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