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1787-1877
APUSH - THE NEW NATION TO THE CIVIL WAR
| WORD/NAME | DEFINITION | Definition 2 | Definition 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dorothea Dix | Woman who traveled across America with the goal and persistence to better the conditions and treatments of mentally ill people. | ||
| Essex Junto | Aaron Burr joined this small group, which were radical Federalists that plotted the succession from the Union of the New England state. | ||
| Robert E. Lee | Confederate Army military general. | Defeated Burnside at the Battle of Fredericksburg. | After the Battle of Gettysburg he eventually surrendered. |
| Charles G. Finney | |||
| Tecumseh and the Prophet | These Shawnee brothers organizer a large confederacy to prevent the American advance westward. | ||
| John Adams | First vice president and later defeated Thomas Jefferson in the presidential election of 1800. | ||
| Nathaniel Hawthorne | This American Authors book, The Scarlet Letter, raise questions about religion and society. | ||
| Sojourner Truth | Besides Harriet Tubman, this woman helped slaves escape to the North on the Underground Railroad. | ||
| Copperheads | Northern Democrats who opposed to Lincoln's war policies and were concerned with the growth of presidential power. | A.K.A. peace Democrats. | |
| Andrew Jackson | |||
| Electoral College | This representative body chooses the president rather than popular vote. | ||
| Free-Soil Party | |||
| Nativists | |||
| Border Ruffans | |||
| The Constitutional Union Party | |||
| Republican Party | |||
| Whigs | Opposed Andrew Jackson. Supported the bank of u.s. (national bank), high tariffs, federal funding for internal improvements, political action for social reform divided on terms of slavery to conscience and cotton whigs, and Henry Clay. | ||
| American Party | |||
| Democratic-Republicans | |||
| Senate | According to Roger Sherman, in this branch of government "each State should have one vote and no more." | ||
| Federalists | People who were in favor of the Constitution and a strong central government. Usually merchants from the north that had close ties to British trade networks. | ||
| Popular Sovereignty | A concept that said the people in the territory should decide whether or not slavery will be allowed there. | ||
| Anti-Masons | This new political party arose in 1832 to challenge the old two-party system. | ||
| Apologists | |||
| 49ers | Group of rough young men who loved adventure and moving west following the discovery of gold in 1848. | ||
| Harriet Tubman | This woman along with Sojourner Truth helped slaves escape to the north using the network called the Underground Railroad. | ||
| Writ of Habeas Corpus | A court order requiring jailers to explain to a judge why they are holding a prisoner in custody. | ||
| The North Star | Antislavery journal, published by Fredrick Douglass, wrote about the ugliness of slavery for readers, and argued that slavery went against the Constitution . | ||
| Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too! | Slogan used in the campaign of William Henry Harrison, a war hero, and John Tyler. The pair won, easily defeating Martin Van Buren in the 1840 election. | ||
| Corrupt Bargain | |||
| Greenbacks | Currency was used in place of gold during wartime | ||
| Perfectionists | |||
| Elastic Clause | Stretches Congress' power to make laws that pertain to carrying out delegated powers. | ||
| Wilmot Proviso | Bill that said that slavery was not allowed in the newly acquired territory from the War with Mexico, was proposed and passed in the House of Representatives but was rejected by the Senate. | ||
| Declaration of Sentiments | |||
| Walden | This book written focused on the self-initiated experiment where he excused himself from society by living in seclusion in the woods for 2 years. | Book written Henry David Thoreau | |
| "On Civil Disobedience" | Influential essay that advocated passive resistance as a form of justifiable protest. | Essay that later inspire movement leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | Essay written by Henry David Thoreau |
| Report on Public Manufacturers | Document written by the Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton 1791 the industrialization of the United States and a protective tariffs to protect infant industry. | ||
| Confederate States of America | |||
| Trail of Tears | |||
| Compact Theory | Belief is based on the idea that the federal government was formed because of a compact between states. | ||
| Central Government | This government's power exceeds the power of the states. This idea is strongly supported by James Madison. | ||
| Factions | Term used to describe the party. It was the fear of leaders such as George Washington that these parties would prevent a strong, unified government. | ||
| Peculiar Institution | Term used to describe slavery. In 50 years the number of American slaves, grew from about 1 million to almost 4 million in the south. | ||
| Scorched Earth | |||
| Kitchen Cabinet | |||
| The American System | Henry Clay's plan for economic growth. | Planned to establish a protective tariff, national bank, and improve the country's transportation system. | |
| The Missouri Compromise | Maine is admitted as a free state, Missouri as a slave state, and no slavery is allowed north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory. | ||
| Cult of Domesticity | |||
| Midnight Judges | |||
| House of Representatives | This branch of government is comprised reflect the population of individual states. | ||
| Ironclads | Term used to describe the naval ships that were first launched in 1862. | ||
| The Rush-Bagot Treaty | |||
| The Morrill Land Grant of 1862 | This act gave federal lands to states for the purpose of building schools that would teach agriculture and technical trades. | ||
| Indian Removal Act | |||
| Underground Railroad | System of networks that was monumental in helping slaves travel to the north to escape slavery. | ||
| Milan Decree | |||
| Treaty of Ghent | |||
| Spoils System | |||
| Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 | |||
| Embargo Act | |||
| Bull Run | |||
| Whiskey Rebellion | Protest caused by a tax on liquor. | Protest that tested the will of the government and Washington's quick response showed the government's strength and mercy. | |
| Macon’s Bill Number 2 | |||
| The Pacific Railway Act Of 1862 | |||
| Emancipation Proclamation | |||
| Maine Law | |||
| Panic Of 1837 | |||
| Xyz Affair | |||
| Strict Constructionist | |||
| Great Compromise | Compromise made at the Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house. | ||
| Convention Of 1800 | |||
| The Star-Spangled Banner | |||
| Cherokee Nation V. Georgia | Court decided that the Indian tribes could not sue in federal courts but that they were under the jurisdiction of the U.S. and could only give up their land voluntarily. | ||
| Fredrick Douglass | |||
| Lecompton Constitution | |||
| Gibbons V. Ogden | |||
| Orders In Council | |||
| Bank Of The United States | |||
| Freedmen | Slaves who escaped to the north and enlisted in the union army. | ||
| The Kansas-Nebraska Act | |||
| John C. Calhoun | |||
| Dred Scott V. Stanford | |||
| Bleeding Kansas | |||
| Compromise Of 1850 | |||
| Virginia Plan | |||
| Eli Whitney | |||
| Gadsden Purchase | |||
| New York Draft Riots | |||
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Wrote 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' (published in 1852) which told of the horrors of slavery and the terrible racism African Americans got from Northerners. Gave those who'd never been to the South a view into the terrible world of slavery. | ||
| The Hartford Convention | Meeting by Federalists dissatisfied with the war to draft a new Constitution. | Resulted in seemingly traitorous Federalist party's collapse. | |
| Fugitive Slave Law | |||
| Henry David Thoreau | |||
| Battle Of New Orleans | |||
| French Revolution | |||
| Second Battle Of Bull Run | |||
| Panic Of 1819 | |||
| Era Of Good Feeling | |||
| Ralph Waldo Emerson | |||
| Burr Conspiracy | |||
| Treaty Of Guadalupe Hidalgo | |||
| Nat Turner’s Rebellion | |||
| The Adams-Onis Treaty | |||
| Battle Of Tippecanoe | |||
| Worcester V. Georgia | |||
| The Homestead Act Of 1862 | |||
| The Monroe Doctrine | |||
| Brigham Young | |||
| Joseph Smith | |||
| Sarah And Angelina Grimke | |||
| Force Bill | |||
| Appomattox Court House | |||
| Berlin Decree | |||
| Alien Acts | |||
| The Judiciary Act Of 1789 | |||
| Tallmadge Amendment | |||
| Judiciary Act Of 1801 | |||
| Revenue Act Of 1789 | This act placed tariff on imports, a rate much lower than Alexander Hamilton had desired. | ||
| Harper’s Ferry | Armed slave revolt led by John Brown. | White Abolitionist who seized this Virginia town's arsenal in 1859. | Raid that was demolished by a detachment of U.S. Marines led by Robert E. Lee. |
| Oregon Trail | Dangerous path, which was originally rarely used, but in the mid-1840s was used by thousands. | Took some travelers up to six months to reach their destination. | |
| Gettysburg | |||
| Antietam | |||
| Erie Canal | |||
| The Federalist Papers | |||
| Three-Fifths Compromise | |||
| Tariff of 1832 |
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