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US History Unit 9.1

World War II

TermDefinition
Benito Mussolini Italy 1922: Fascist Party, Italian imperialism
Joseph Stalin Soviet Union 1926: communist government
Adolf Hitler Germany 1933: National Socialist Germany Workers Party or Nazi, anticommunist and nationalistic
Emperor Hirohito spiritual leader, God to the Japanese
World War II begins September 1 1939
Blitzkrieg warfare based on speed and mobility
Holocaust estimated 6 million Jews killed, Other Groups: Gypsies, homosexuals, Slavic peoples, disabled people
Concentration Camp work as slave labor while healthy
Nuremberg Laws take away basic rights of Jews(voting, jobs, etc.)
Kristallnacht 90 Jews killed, thousands terrorized, businesses destroyed
Gestapo Secret Police, arrested 20,000
Extermination Camps mass gas chambers, mass executions, incinerate to hide evidence -Auschwitz-100,000 prisoners -Gas Chambers 2,000 per execution, 12,000 per day
Nye Committee -arms manufactures had got America into WWI -European Failure to repay their WWI debts
Neutrality Act of 1935 -it's illegal to sell guns to any nation at war -Italy, Germany sign Pact-Axis Powers
Neutrality Act of 1937 "cash and carry" policy
Neutrality Act of 1939 U.S. stays neutral 2 days after England/France go to war
Destroyers-for-Bases Deal 1940 trade England boats in exchange for rights to build bases on English lands-loop hole around Neutrality Acts
Election of 1940 Roosevelt runs for an unprecedented 3rd term and wins
The Lend-Lease Act give weapons to England if they promised to pay for them after the war
Atlantic Charter a post war world of democracy, free trade, nonagression, freedom of seas
Facism a form of government which is a type of one-party dictatorship
Appeasement A political policy of conceding to aggression by a warlike nation
Douglas MacArthur was an American general who commanded the Southwest Pacific in World War II
Pearl Harbor Bombing December 7, 1941, Japan damaged 21 US ships, US goes to war
Cost-plus system money= motivation
Reconstruction Finance Corporation loans to reequip factories
War Production Board -set priorities and distribute raw materials for war Automobile: tanks, jeeps, artillery Shipping: liberty ships
Selective Service and Training Act drafting men and train in peacetime -poor conditions, lack of proper supplies to train men, 8 week crash course
Tuskegee Airmen the first black servicemen to serve as military aviators in the U.S. armed forces, flying with distinction during World War II.
Women's Army Auxiliary Corps noncombatant roles
Fall of the Philippines Douglass MacArthur "I shall return" Bataan Death March
The Doolittle Raids bomb Japan on April 18, 1942, little physical damage
Battle of Midway America breaks the Japanese secret code, turning point in the Pacific War, stops Japanese offense
Island Hopping American Forces advanced from 1 island to the next
D-Day June 6, 1944-Normandy, France-the largest military operation ever. 7,000 ships, 100,000 soldiers, 23,000 paratroopers, tons of supplies
The Battle of the Bulge Hitler plans one last offensive Hitler kills himself April 30, 1945
V-E Day "Victory in Europe" May 8, 1945
Yalta Conference victory and postwar plans for Europe "Big 3" plan for post war leads to the "Cold War"
Sunbelt industry, people move south and west
Japanese Internment Japanese moved into prison camps, lose everything
Korematsu V. United States (1944) Japanese relocation is constitutional
Office of Price Administration control prices, ration supplies
War Labor Board prevent strikes, keep factories producing
Rationing sacrifice and shortage-food, rubber, gasoline, metal( for the troops)
The Manhattan Project secret development of the Atomic bomb
United Nations organization of nations, designed to prevent future wars
Nuremberg Trials Axis powers taken to court for their crimes towards humanity during WWII
Created by: Mrs.Ingerick
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