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Genetics II Part 1

Part 1

TermDefinition
DNA Deoxynucleic Acid
nucleotide The basic structural unit of DNA.
Parts of nucleotide. Nitrogenous base, sugar and phosphate.
Charrgoff Scientist who found the amount of guanine and cytosine were always equal in a sample of DNA.
Rosalind Franklin Scientist known for work with xray diffraction that suggested DNA has a spiral shape.
Watson and Cricke Scientists credited for creating the twisted ladder model of DNA that is still used today.
Karyotype Shows the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
Double Helix Scientific name for the twisted ladder shape of DNA.
XX Female
XY Male
DNA Replication The biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.
Cytosine-Thymine Adenine-Guanine Nucleotide bases are paired together.
DNA A molecule that is present in all living things that contains le.the information that determines traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
Ribosome Organelle that reads RNA so that proteins can be created.
Mutation A change in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene or DNA Molecule.
Deletion Type of mutation when a base pair is removed in nucleotide.
Insertion Type of mutation when a base pair is added in a nucleotide.
Translocation or Point Mutation Type of mutation when a base pair is switched.
Human Genome Project To provide a complete and accurate sequence of the 3 billion DNA base pairs that make up the human genome.
Selective Breeding or Artificial Selection Two names for the human practice of breeding animals and plants that have certain traits.
Hemophilia Genetic Disorder characterized by blood clotting problems.
Sickle Cell Genetic Disorder characterized by a lack of oxygen due to abnormally shaped blood cells.
Down's Syndrome Genetic Disorder characterized by intellectual disabiities , heart problems, and structural abnormalities.
Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Disorder characterized by abnormally thick mucus in the lungs and digestive tract.
Color Blindness Genetic Disorder characterized by failure to recognize the difference between red and green.
Created by: 200371966
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