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StudyFossil geologic
study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what fossils are | A fossil is the naturally preserved remains or traces of animals or plants that lived in the geologic past. |
| How fossil form | Fossils of hard mineral parts (like bones and teeth) were formed as follows: Some animals were quickly buried after their death (by sinking in mud, being buried in a sand storm, etc.). Over time, more and more sediment covered the remains. |
| The various types of fossils (cast, mold, etc) | mold fossils -(a fossilized impression made in the substrate - a negative image of the organism) cast fossils -(formed when a mold is filled in) |
| what an index fossil is and what it is used for | Index fossils (also known as guide fossils, indicator fossils or zone fossils) are fossils used to define and identify geologic periods (or faunal stages). |
| the 4 main divisions of geologic time | Eons, Eras, Periods and Epochs |
| period | A division of geologic time representing one subdivision of an era; usually named for the locality in which the formations representing them were first or best described, or for some distinguishing characteristic of the formations. |
| Epochs | A division of geologic time representing one subdivision of an eon and including multiple periods |
| eon | represent the rich history of the precambrian, a division of the geologic time scale longer than the era; The largest division of ecologic time, including multiple eras |
| the 3 main Eras of the phanerozoic eon | Paleozoic Mesozoic Cenozoic |
| how these eras are defined | era denotes a clearly defined period of time of arbitrary but well-defined length, such as for example the Mesozoic Era |
| what eon, era,period, and epoch we are currently living in | the Holocene (sometimes called Recent) epoch, Quaternary period, Cenozoic era, and Phanerozoic eon. |
| what the dominant life-forms were in each of these eras | The Cenozoic Era |
| Fossil | he remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil |
| index fossil | a fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found |
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