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STAAR Vocabulary Rev
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Boycott | refusal to buy something as a form of protest |
| taxation | process of collecting money from citizens in order to fund government expenses |
| political revolution | changing from one governmental structure to another |
| Patriots | American colonists who supported independence from Great Britain |
| Loyalists | American colonists who did not support independence from Great Britain |
| civil disobedience | refusal to obey laws as a form of protest |
| grievance | a complaint |
| independence | the fact or state of being independent, being free |
| unalienable rights | What's unalienable cannot be taken away or denied. Its most famous use is in the Declaration of Independence, which says people have unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness |
| liberty | the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views |
| mercantilism | also called "commercialism,” is a system in which a country attempts to amass wealth through trade with other countries, exporting more than it imports and increasing stores of gold and precious metals |
| Quartering | the provision of accommodations or lodgings, especially for troops |
| Exploration | traveling to new territories for the purpose of discovery |
| colonization | state sponsored settlement of people to new territories |
| mercantilism | economic policy where colonies serve as a source of raw materials to increase the wealth and maintain a favorable balance of trade for the “mother” country |
| representative government | political system where policies are created by representatives selected by the people |
| charter | a contract given to someone to establish a colony |
| plantations | large agricultural enterprise where crops are grown for sale |
| region | a geographic area that share similar characteristics |
| harbors | a place on the coast where vessels may find shelter, especially one protected from rough water by piers, jetties, and other artificial structures |
| cash crops | a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower |
| Parliament | (in the UK) the highest legislature, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons |
| social contract | an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, for example by sacrificing some individual freedom for state protection |
| Agrarian | relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land |
| subsistence farming | is self sustained farming, farming for ones family or own self |
| primary source | A primary source provides direct or firsthand evidence about an event, object, person, or work of art, Primary sources include historical and legal documents |
| secondary source | Secondary sources address or analyze events, people, works, or topics after the fact, unlike primary sources which provide firsthand accounts |
| migration | is the movement of people from one place to another The reasons for migration can be economic, social, political or environmental There are usually push factors and pull factors at work |
| Confederation | an alliance of states created for a common purpose compromise |
| Limited government | is defined as a governing or controlling body whose power exists only within pre |
| Bicameral | two houses of congress |
| Popular sovereignty | people's rule, is the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power |
| Individual rights | refer to the liberties of each individual to pursue life and goals without interference from other individuals or the government |
| Checks and balances | counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups |
| Separation of powers | an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies |
| constitution | document outlining the fundamental principles and structures of a government |
| ratification | approval of a document or policy |
| amendment | an addition to a document |
| sovereignty | independent power |
| federalism | political system in which power is shared between a national centralized government and a collection of smaller state governments |
| Compromise | an agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions |
| Republic | political system in which representatives are responsible for governing |
| impressment | forcing someone into service for an organization or government |
| political party | groups of people sharing a common political philosophy and support for candidates with that philosophy |
| foreign policy | government actions in relations to other countries |
| isolationism | policy of separating and not participation in international relationships |
| neutrality | remaining independent and not taking sides in an issue |
| Intervention | interference by a country in another's affairs |
| Debt | something, typically money, that is owed or due |
| Domestic | existing or occurring inside a particular country; not foreign or international |
| Embargo | an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country |
| Alliance | a union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations |
| Sedititon | conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch |
| Doctrine | a stated principle of government policy, mainly in foreign or military affairs |
| Nullification | the idea that states can refuse to follow federal laws |
| spoils system | the practice of public officials given jobs or favors to supporters |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| states’ rights | powers given to the states as interpreted in the US Constitution, generally seen as a check to federal powers |
| Resettlement | the settlement of people in a different place |
| Tariff | a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports |
| Common man | the undistinguished commoner lacking class or rank distinction or special attributes |
| manifest destiny | idea that the United States should expand to include the territory from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| pioneers | someone is first to settle a region or enter into an project |
| Statehood | the status of being a state of the US, originally required 60,000 people to become a state |
| Region | an area or division, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries |
| free enterprise | economic system in which consumers and producers are free to make economic decisions and choices |
| innovation | creating new ideas, products or methods |
| industrialization | the process of economic development based on factory production |
| urbanization | the process of migration to large, densely populated areas, generally cities |
| abolition | legally ending of the practice of enslaving people |
| mechanization | using machines in the production process |
| civil disobedience | refusing to obey laws believed to be unjust |
| suffrage | the right to vote in political elections |
| immigration | the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country |
| transportation | the action of transporting someone or something or the process of being transported |
| communication | the imparting or exchanging of information or news |
| interchangeable parts | (components) that are, for practical purposes, identical, They are made to specifications that ensure that they are so nearly identical that they will fit into any assembly of the same type |
| canals | an artificial waterway constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships inland or to convey water for irrigation |
| transcontinental | A train route across the United States, finished in 1869. It was the project of two railroad companies: the Union Pacific built from the east, and the Central Pacific built from the west |
| Sectionalism | concern for regional needs and interests |
| compromise | an agreement in which both sides give up some demands |
| States’ rights | the rights and powers held by individual US states rather than by the federal government |
| Nullification | is the act of cancelling something |
| Protective tariffs | A duty imposed on imports to raise their price, making them less attractive to consumers and thus protecting domestic industries from foreign competition |
| Region | an area or division, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries |
| Federalism | is a system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government |
| Secession | the withdrawal of a state from a union |
| confederacy | an alliance formed for a common purpose |
| sectionalism | an exaggerated devotion to the interests of a region |
| cede | give up (power or territory) |
| Reconstruction | process of rebuilding the Union with the readmission of the southern states |
| Sharecropping | the practice of receiving a portion of the crops in exchange for living and farming on a large estate |
| Carpetbagger | referred to Northerners who moved to the South following the Civil War to take advantage of the unsettled political situation |
| Scalawag | referred to Southerners who cooperated with federal authorities during Reconstruction, often gaining an advantage |
| homestead | a tract of land with a home on it |
| Legislation | laws, considered collectively |
| Black Codes | were laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War, These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt |
| Land grant | a grant of public land, especially to an institution, organization, or to particular groups of people |
| Amendment | an article added to the US Constitution |
| Civil rights | the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality |
| Due process | fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement |
Created by:
braydon.maxwell
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