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Science #3
Grades 5 to 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which sea animal dives the deepest? | Sperm Whale (6000+ feet deep) |
| Which bird dives the fastest? | Peregrine Falcon (200+ mph) |
| Which snake is the longest? | Reticulated Python (33 feet long) |
| Predators | Carnivores that hunt other animals, or prey |
| Scavengers | Eats dead animals |
| Name two savengers | Hyenas and vultures |
| Every living thing is made up of ___________. | Cells |
| Each cell contains __________, | Chromosomes |
| Chromosomes contain _________. | Genes |
| What do parents pass off to their offspring? | Genes and Genetic Traits |
| Inherited Characteristics | Color, Shape, and Placement of Eyes and Hair Color and Curliness |
| Learned Characteristics | How to communicate or hunt for food |
| Frogs lay eggs underwater, and two weeks later _______ emerge. | Tadpoles |
| During what week do tadpoles form front and back legs? | 9 weeks |
| How long is the development process of a frog from egg to adulthood? | 11 weeks |
| Butterfly eggs grow into ______________, | Caterpillars |
| Caterpillars form a ___________ and enter the pupa stage. | Chrysalis |
| What occurs in the pupa stage of a caterpillar? | Metamorphosis (caterpillar-->butterfly) |
| Some animals reproduce by splitting in two. This is called _____________. | Fragmentation (flatworms) |
| Baby Beaver | Kit |
| Baby Eel | Elver |
| Baby Fish | Fingerling or Fry |
| Baby Fox | Cub or Kit |
| Baby Giraffe or Baby Whale | Calf |
| Baby Goat | Kid |
| Baby Goose | Gosling |
| Baby Hare | Leveret |
| Baby Hawk | Eyas |
| Baby Horse | Foal |
| Baby Kangaroo | Joey |
| Baby Seal | Pup or Whelp |
| Baby Shark | Pup |
| Baby Swan | Cygnet |
| Baby Turkey | Poult |
| Baby Zebra | Colt |
| What do plants provide for people? | Food, Oxygen, Medicines, Building Materials, Textiles, etc. |
| First plants that came on the scene 425 million years ago | Mosses, Liverworts, and Horsetails |
| How is the Plant Kingdom divided? | Plants that produce seeds, and plants that don't produce seeds |
| Angiosperm | Flowering Plant |
| Monocots | Plants that produce seeds with one food part (cotyledon); leaves have parallel veins |
| Dicots | Plants that produce seeds with two food part s(cotyledons); leaves have branching veins |
| Gymnosperms | Plants that produce exposed seeds, usually on cones; have no flowers; most have needles for leaves and are evergreen |
| Pines, Spruces, Junipers, Firs, and other Conifers, Yews, and Gingkos | Gymnosperms |
| Where a Plant Produces Food | Leaves |
| Chlorophyll | Green substance that captures energy from the sun |
| Transpiration | Plants sweat by transporting water from the roots and release water vapor on the bottom side of the leaves |
| Support System and Food & Water Highway for a Plant | Stem |
| Xylem | In a plant, water and minerals from the soil are transferred upward from the roots through the _____________, |
| Phloem | In a plant, food made in the leaves is transported through the _____________, |
| Capillary Action | Pumping water and minerals in xylem and phloem plant tissues |
| Tuber | Plants that have an underground storage site (potato) |
| 3 Functions of Roots | Anchors the plant, absorbs water and minerals in soil, and provides storage of sugars and and starches to roots for storage |
| Root Foods People Eat | Carrots, Beets, and Radishes |
| Woody Plants | Trees, shrubs, etc. |
| Nonwoody Plants | Herbaceous plants that have green stems |
| Most plants reproduce by ________. | Seeds |
| Plant Seeds | Fertilized ovules (plant "eggs") from which new plants grow |
| Germinate | Start growing |
| Conifers | Make seeds in cones |
| 2 types of cones made by Conifers | Male (contain pollen) and Female (contain ovules) |
| Pollination | Formation of pollen in a plant |
| Fertilization | When the male plant pollen fertilizes the female plant ovules |
| Plant Embryo | Fertilized plant ovules |
| Stamen | Male part of a flower |
| Carpel | Female part of a flower |
| Perfect Flowers | Flowering Plants that have both a Stamen and Carpel |
| Imperfect Flowers | Flowering Plants that have separate Stamen flowers and Carpel flowers |
| Pollen | Produced in the "male" stamen of the flower |
| Ovules | "Eggs" produced in the "female" ovary of the Carpel |
| To fertilize the plant's ovules, the pollen travels from the stamen's _________ to the carpel's stigma, the flower part that catches the pollen. | Anther |
| To fertilize the plant's ovules, the pollen travels from the stamen's anther to the carpel's __________, the flower part that catches the pollen. | Stigma |
| After pollen grain lands on the stigma, it sprouts a tube that grows down inside the slender neck called the ______________ that connects the stigma to the ovary. | Style |
| The fertilized ovule develops into a _________ containing a plant embryo. | Seed |
| Not all plants reproduce by seeds. Some plants can regenerate from a plant _______, | Part |
| Spores | Ferns, mosses, horsetails, and other seedless plants reproduce by ____________, |
| What is the formula for photosynthesis? | Water + Carbon Dioxide -->Glucose + Oxygen + Water |
| What is the formula for respiration? | Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy |
| Transpiration | Water evaporation from the underside of a plant's leaves |
| Biomes | Large environments that share the same general climate of temperature and rainfall |
| Grasslands | Farming and grazing biomes |
| Other names for grassland biomes | Prairies, Savannas, Steppes, and Pampas |
| What type of soil is found in most grasslands? | Deep and Rich |
| Where do grasslands occur? | Interior parts of continents |
| What causes nitrogen to be released and certain seeds to grow in the grasslands? | Fire |
| Identify the great herds that once roamed the grasslands of the world. | Bison, Wildebeest, Antelopes, and Zebras |
| What crops are grown on grassland biomes of today? | Wheat, Barley, Oats, and Rye |
| Deserts generally receive less than ____ inches of rain per year. | 10 |
| Succulents | Plants of the desert that store water in their waxy leaves |
| Nocturnal | Animals that hunt by night |
| Scrublands | Biome also called chaparrals that are found on the coast; cool and moist in winter and hot and dry in summer |
| Deciduous Forest | Biome dominated by trees that shed their leaves each fall. |
| What is the average rainfall of a deciduous forest? | 40 inches per year |
| Tundra Biome | Located in the northern climates where it is too cold for trees to grow |
| Permafrost | Layer of the crust that never melts in the Tundra Biome |
| Coniferous Biomes | Made up mostly of cone-bearing trees that thrive in cooler and drier conditions than deciduous trees |
| Temperate Coniferous Biomes | Grow along the coastlines |
| Boreal Coniferous Biomes | Cover the northern regions of the world |
| Tropical Rain Forest Biomes | Found around the equator |
| Ground Floor of a Tropical Rain Forest Biome where there is NO sunlight | Floor |
| Layer of shrubs and trees that grows from 10 to 50 feet above the floor | Understory |
| Topmost layer of trees 75 to 100 feet above the floor | Canopy |
| Tree-dwelling | Arboreal |
Created by:
marybahner
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