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Absolutism
Absolutism, Enlightenment, Scientific Revolution
Term | Definition |
---|---|
King Charles V | Holy Roman Emperor; despised Protestant Reformation; had to sign Treaty of Augsburg; German princes could decide religion |
Phillip II | King of Spain, wanted to stop England from raiding Spanish ships and return England to the Catholic Church |
Henry IV | Protestant king of France who signed Edict of Nantes after converting to Catholic Church |
Louis XIV | Best example of an absolute monarch; built Versailles; revoked Edict of Nantes |
Elizabeth I | Strong Protestant monarch of England; ruler during invasion of Spanish Armada |
James I | Agreed to desire of unhappy Puritans to translate the Bible into English |
Charles I | Became unpopular with Parliament when he married a Catholic; badly in debt; ruled during English Civil War; 1st to be beheaded |
Oliver Cromwell | Military dictator who took power after English Civil War; ruled by Puritan desires; very strict society |
Charles II | Restored English monarchy after death of Cromwell; strengthened Church of England; passed Habeas Corpus |
James II | Unpopular English monarch; married a Catholic; replaced by William and Mary; Glorious Revolution |
Ivan IV | Mentally disturbed and often violent czar; following him, the Romanov dynasty took power |
Peter the Great | Determined to westernize Russia; in disguise this ruler traveled to Europe to see advances and bring them back to Russia; city named in honor |
Catherine | German czarina of Russia; expanded borders; acquired Alaska |