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Vibrio species
Microbiology Stool Pathogen
Question | Answer |
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What toxin does Vibrio cholerae produce and how does this affect its host? | Vibro cholerae produces an enterotoxin called choleragen that causes increased intestinal vascular permeability, interfering with sodium passage. This causes an electrolyte imbalance and mucus flecks, leading to the characteristic "rice water stools". |
How do Vibio species appear on a gram stain and what other enterobacteria could it be confused with? | Vibrio species appear as short, curved, gram negative rods on a gram stain. Campylobacter has a similar morphology. |
What are the three medias used to culture Vibiro (full names, not acronyms) and what is their significance? | Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile Salt-Sucrose (TCBS) = positive appears as yellow colonies with transparent periphery; Tellurite-Taurocholate-Gelatin-Agar (TTGA) = positive appears as dark centers with cloudy zones; Alkaline Peptone Broth = used for enrichment |
What are the two types of Vibrio vulnificus infections and how can they be acquired? | 1. Primary septicemia occurs from the ingestion of raw oysters where the bacteria enter the bloodstream via the GI tract within 24 hours post-consumption 2. Wound infections due to a traumatic aquatic injury, particularly in contaminated sea water |
What is the Kanagawa phenomenon and what species of Vibrio does this indicate? | This occurs on Wagatsuma agar, which is a special high-salt mannitol agar, which enhances hemolysin production and indicates Vibrio parahemolyticus |