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Civic and Econ Final
Civics/Economics Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did the founding fathers split the power of the government up between three separate but equal branches? | To ensure no one branch could abuse its power. |
| What is criminal law? | Any crime that involves a serious offense, such as murder. rape, or robbery. |
| The Constitution is split into what? | Articles |
| This Amendment ensures the protection of what five freedoms? | First Amendment, speech, religion, press, assembly, petition. |
| The legislative branch is split into two houses or parts called? | House and Senate |
| What is the main job of the Supreme Court? | Uphold, protect, and interpret the Constitution |
| Cna you name four of the founding fathers? | George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin |
| This amendment grants the person the right to "bear" arms. | Second Amendment |
| The federal (national) government was given powers that the states could not possibly have, what were they? | Declare War, Coin Money, Control Army/Navy |
| How many members are there in the House of Representatives? | 435 |
| How many members are there in the Senate? | 100 |
| What are some qualifications to become President? | 35 years old, natural born citizen, resident of U.S. for 14 years. |
| What elected official presides over the House of Representatives? | Speaker of the House |
| This amendment reserves any powers not given to the national government belong to the state governments. | Tenth Amendment |
| To become a near permanent change to the Constitution an amendment must go through a process called? | Ratification |
| What is an example of a representative that citizens elect? | Governor, Members of Congress |
| The three natural rights that all people have are? | Life, Liberty (Freedom), Property (Happiness) |
| These two documents gave the founding fathers ideas about how to create a government and how to guarantee rights to citizens. | Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights |
| Checks and Balances in the national government ensure that? | Citizens are protected and government power is not abused |
| Why are citizens rights so difficult to interpret and define in the Bill of Rights? | The Bill of Rights is very vague and brief |
| The legislative branch is also known as? | Congress |
| The most powerful court in the U.S. court system is the? | Supreme Court |
| Representatives have certain requirements, which are? | 25 years old, citizen for 7 years, live in state representing. |
| Senators have certain requirements, which are? | 30 years old, citizen for 9 years, live in state representing. |
| Who runs the House of Representatives? | Speaker of the House |
| Who controls the Senate | Vice President, President Pro Tempore |
| The amendment process begins with who? | Citizens through a petition |
| In order to become a law, a bill (future law) must pass through one house of congress or both houses of congress? | Both Houses |
| The President has certain powers that the other two branches of government do not have, what are they? | Chief Diplomat, Executive Leader, COmmander in Chief, Legislative Leader, Judicial Leader |
| A President can stop a bill from becoming a law by using this power, which is? | Veto |
| If the president stops a bill from becoming law, how can Congress overturn his decision? | Two Thirds Vote |
| Powers that the national government has are? | Declare War, Maintain Army and Navy, Coin Money, Make laws to help carry out its power. |
| Powers that the state governments have are? | Issue Licenses, Run School, Run Elections, Create Local Governments |
| Powers that both the national and state governments share are? | Enforce laws, create courts, borrow money, collect taxes, build roads |
| Which member of the government is least influenced by public opinion? | Supreme Court Justice (Judge) |
| Laws set standards (rules) for what areas and what parts of life? | Education, Grocery Stores, Gasoline Pumps |
| Laws that are used in cases that involve large lump sums of money are called? | Civil Laws |
| Murder, rape, robbery, would all be considered what type of crime? | Felony |
| Vandalism, Minor Theft, Jay Walking would all be considered what type of crime? | Misdemeanor |
| Why is rehabilitation given to prisoners that will be released from prison? | Help them live useful lives outside of prison and possibly not return to prison |
| What is one major difference between the regular justice system and the juvenile justice system? | Juvenile justice gives lighter sentences and punishments |
| What is a major risk taken in a criminal trial and not in a civil trial? | Death Penalty |
| The two major political parties in the U.S. today are the? | Democrats and Republicans |
| A party that is not in power can act as a "WatchDog" which means? | They watch the other party and report findings to the public |
| During an election, why are third parties and their candidates dangerous for the other two parties? | Pull votes away from the other two parties |
| In order to vote, citizens travel to specific voting locations called? | Polling Places |
| To be able to vote in a general elction, what one main requirement to vote? | 18 years old, vote in the state you live in |
| The Presidential Election occurs when? | The first Tuesday after the first Monday in November |
| In a presidential election, between these two types of voters, who actually votes for the president, citizens and electoral college? | Electoral College |
| In economics, items that people require in order to survive are called? | Needs |
| In economics, items that people desire to get eventually are called? | Wants |
| Some examples of wants are? | Car, Cell Phone, Money, Mansion |
| Some examples of needs are? | Food, Water, Shelter, Clothing |
| The three main factors of production required to produce all good and service are called? | Land, Labor, and Capital |
| Examples of Land are? | Animals, Trees, Soil |
| Examples of Labor are? | Farmers, Factory Workers, Doctors |
| Examples of Capital are? | Vehicles, Machines, Tools |
| The period of time when an item cannot be found but it will return later is called? | Shortage |
| When an item is used so much that it disappears, possibly forever, is known as? | Scarcity |
| That new DVD that you wanted is out in stores, when you go to buy it right after Christmas you cannot find it, this is an example of? | Shortage |
| Oil reserves are running out around the world as more and more people drive, eventually oil could run out, which is leading to higher prices and difficulty finding oil, this is an example of? | Scarcity |
| When a person decides that the costs of making a decision are greater than the benefits, this is known as? | Opportunity Cost |
| The amount that people are willing to buy at different prices is known as? | Demand |
| The amount that businesses are willing and able to sell at different prices is called? | Supply |
| What is the major factor that changes both supply and demand? | Price |
| When price goes up what happens to demand? When price goes down what happens to demand? | Demand goes downDemand goes up |
| When price goes up what happens to supply?When price goes down what happens to supply? | Supply goes upSupply goes down |
| What are the three payments made for using land, labor, and capital? | Land = RentLabor = Wages/SalariesCapital = Interest |
| A person that starts a business or invents a new product is called an? | Entrepreneur |
| The number one motivator for a person to start a business is? | Profit |
| In the world today their are four types of economies, what are they? | Traditional, Market, Command, and Mixed (Modern) |
| A country where religion and hunting are the main part of the economy uses which type of economy? | Traditional Economy |
| The United States is an example of this type of economy because it uses different parts of the other three types of economies. | Mixed (Modern) Economy |
| When the government controls every part of a persons daily life and all parts of the economy, this is an example of which type of economy? | Command Economy |
| In Cuba, citizens grow virtaully all the food that they require in small gardens, but they also sell food in local areas, this economy is what type? | Market Economy |
| The three types of business ownership around the world today are called? | Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, and Corporation |
| In a corporation, what are advantages and disadvantages of running a company this way? | Advantages: Raise money by selling stock, little government controlDisadvantages: Manipulate smaller businesses, little government control |
| In a partnership, what are advantages and disadvantages of running a company this way? | Advantages: More than one person to think of ideas, mare than one person to fund the business, can easily get government loansDisadvantages: If one partner leaves the other is left to deal with problems, one partner could have the other killed |
| In a sole proprietorship, what are advantages and disadvantages of running a company this way? | Advantages: all profit goes to one person, can make own decisions about businessDisadvantages: If owner dies, business diesAll responsibility is on one personDifficult to get government help |
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