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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIO
TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Factory | A large building where goods could be mass produced by a large number of workers |
| Factory system | method of manufacturing using machinery and division of labor |
| Cottage Industry/Domestic System | Prior to the industrial revolution, goods were produced in small batches in homes/cottages |
| Enclosure Movement | Wealthy farmers bought up land and fenced the farms and smaller farmers were forced off their land |
| Natural resources (raw materials) | naturally occurring materials such as coal, fertile land, etc., that can be used by man |
| Industry/industrial/industrialization | systematic work or labor in mass production using machine power |
| The Industrial Revolution | (1760-1840; 18th-19 Century) manufacturing of goods moved from small shops and homes (cottage industry) to large factories |
| Child labor | the use of children in industry or business, especially when illegal or considered inhumane |
| Urban/urbanization | large city |
| Push/pull factor | Push factors are those that force the individual to move voluntarily. Pull factors are those factors that attract the individual to leave their home |
| Capital | any form of wealth that can be used to produce more wealth Ex.: cash, gold, silver, property, gems |
| Mass Production | By using specialization of skills and assembly lines, goods could be produced quickly in large batches |
| Textile | a type of cloth or woven fabric |
| Entrepreneur | One who starts a business or other venture that promises economic gain but that also entails risks |
| Tenement | a room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments |
| Modernization | the process of adapting something to modern needs or habits |
| Productivity | being able to make goods or services |
| Manufacture | make (something) on a large scale using machinery |
| Immigration | coming to live permanently in a foreign country |
| Steam Engine | engine that uses steam to generate power |
| Cotton Gin | Allowed cotton to be cleaned the seeds removed quickly. This caused a need for more slave labor to pick the cotton |
| Labor | work; especially hard physical work |
| Class system | social hierarchy(lower, middle, upper) |
| Strike | refusing to work organized by a body of employees as a form of protest, usually as an attempt to gain something from their employer |
| Labor Union | organizations that protect the rights of the workers such as working conditions |
| Monopoly | complete control of the entire supply of goods or of a service in a certain area or market |
| Assembly line | method of mass production in which a good is carried on a moving belt past workers who remain in place |
| Laissez-Faire | little government interference in the free market |
| Division of Labor | Dividing a job into many specialized parts, with a single worker or a few workers assigned to each part |
| Tenement | cheap high-rise apartment buildings that were built in many cities |
| Supply and demand | the amount of a product which is available and the amount which is wanted by customers |
| Interchangeable parts | parts made to ensure that they will fit into any assembly of the same type |
| Sanitation | measures taken to promote public cleanliness |
| Communism | (hard command) the government owns or controls all industry and businesses |
| Socialism: | (soft command) the government owns or controls key industries (electricity, factories, etc.) Government regulation of businesses and enforces regulations to protect people |
| Capitalism (free market) | production, distribution, and exchange are controlled by individuals and privately owned corporations rather than by the government |
| Bourgeoisie | middle class; considered upper class during IR |
| Proletariat | workers |
Created by:
WIMS
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