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Genetic Vocab.
Term | Definition |
---|---|
heredity | The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring. |
asexual | It means to lack in sex |
reproduction | The process by which living things produce offspring |
gene | One set of instructions for an inherited trait |
DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information. |
egg cell | It is a female reproductive cell of animals and plants that can unite with a sperm cell to form a new individual |
sperm cell | It is a male reproductive cell of animals and plants that can unite with an egg cell to form a new individual cell |
chromeosomes | In a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein;in a prokaryotic, the main ring of DNA |
dominant trait | The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred |
recessive trait | A trait that is apparent only when two recessive trait alleles for the same characteristics are inherited |
alleles | One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic , such as hair color |
genotype | The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits |
phenotype | An organism's appearance or other detectable characteristics |
meiosis | A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells (gametes or spores) |
mitosis | In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |