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13 & 14
Government chapter
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Jurisdiction | the official power to make legal decisions and judgments |
| Plaintiff | the person/entity bringing a lawsuit |
| Original Jurisdiction | the court, any court, where a case is first heard |
| Concurrent Jurisdiction | both the federal and state courts have jurisdiction |
| Appellate Jurisdiction | the court, any court, where a case is appealed from a court with original jurisdiction. Note: Not all cases can be appealed |
| Criminal Laws | disputes between the government and a person or entity in which the criminal penalties of life, liberty , or property are at risk |
| Civil Law | distributes between individual or between an individual's and the government in which the criminal penalties of life or liberty are not an option |
| Equity | not technically “law” but a system by which a case is decided not by the law but by “fundamental fairness” |
| Grand Jury | the jury that determines whether there is sufficient evidence to issue an indictment (formal charge) |
| Petit Jury | the jury that actually hears the case and determines actual guilt or innocence |
| Substantive due process | laws, and punishment for violating the laws must be reasonable |
| Procedural due process | the government must follow a certain set of rules and procedures before it can affect your life, liberty, or property |
| Senatorial courtesy | President submits the name of the judicial nomination to the two senators of the state where the judicial nominee resides before releasing the nominee name to the full senate/public District Court judges only |
| Writ of Certiorari | an order directing the lower courts to send the records to the Supreme Court |
| Amicus Curiae- (“friend of the court”) | Written statement from a party not directly involved in the case trying to influence the Supreme Court to vote one way or another. |
| Brief | written statement explaining the facts, laws, analysis on why the court should rule in your favor |
| Judicial Review | The power to determine whether laws are constitutional or unconstitutional |
| Defendant | Person against whom a civil or criminal suit is brought in court |
| Bloc | a combination of countries, parties, or groups sharing a common purpose |
| litigant | a person involved in a lawsuit |
| oral arguments | spoken to a judge or appellate court by a lawyer (or parties when representing themselves) of the legal reasons why they should prevail. |
| riding the circuit | professional who travels a regular circuit of locations to provide services |
| per curium opinion | ruling issued by an appellate court of multiple judges in which the decision rendered is made by the court acting collectively and unanimously |
| unaminous opinion | when all voters are in agreement. |
| swing vote | a vote that has a decisive influence on the result of an election. |
Created by:
cvHatcher
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