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Ch.17 Reconstruction
SS Chapter 17 Important Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a plan for Reconstruction proposed by Lincoln - when 10 percent of voters in a state took an oath of loyalty to the Union, it could form a new government and adopt a new constitution which banned slavery andthen it could rejoin the Union | Ten Percent Plan |
| the granting of pardon to a large number of persons; protection from prosecution for an illegal act | Amnesty |
| extreme | Radical |
| for a state to rejoin the Union, most whites males had to swear loyalty, a convention could be held, but only white men who swore loyalty could vote, former Confederates couldn’t hold office, and the state had to make a new constitution abolishing slavery | Wade-Davis Bill |
| an amendment passed by Congress in 1865 that abolished slavery in all parts of the United States – before a state could rejoin the Union they had to ratify this amendment | Thirteenth Amendment |
| laws passed in the South just after the Civil War aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to exploit African Americans | Black codes |
| a bill that granted full citizenship to African Americans and gave the federal government the power to intervene in state affairs to protect their rights - this bill was vetoed by President Johnson but Congress overrode the veto | Civil Rights Act of 1866 |
| to overturn or defeat, as a bill proposed in Congress | Override |
| an amendment to the Constitution that granted full citizenship to all people born in the US, stated no state could take away a citizen’s life, liberty, and property without due process of law and every citizen was entitled to equal protection of the laws | Fourteenth Amendment |
| an act passed by Congress in 1867 that called for the creation of new governments in the 10 Southern states that had not ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and divided each state into 4 military districts and placed | First Reconstruction Act |
| an acted passed by Congress shortly after the First Reconstruction Act that required the military commanders stationed in the South to begin registering voters and prepare for new state constitutional conventions | Second Reconstruction Act |
| a law passed by Congress in order to limit the president’s power that prohibited the president from removing government officials, including members of their own cabinet, without the Senate’s approval | Tenure of Office Act |
| to formally charge a public official with misconduct in office | Impeach |
| an amendment to the Constitution passed in 1869 that prohibited state and federal governments from denying the right to vote from any male citizen because of race, color, or any previous condition of servitude | Fifteenth Amendment |
| name given by former Confederates to Southern whites who supported Republican Reconstruction of the South | Scalawags |
| name given to Northern whites who moved South after the Civil War and supported the Republicans | Carpetbaggers |
| dishonest or illegal actions | Corruption |
| to end separation of different races and bring into equal membership in society | Integrate |
| system of farming in which a farmer works land for an owner who provides equipment and seeds and receives a share of the crop | Sharecropping |
| settling by agreement or coming together again | Reconciliation |
| an act passed by Congress in 1872 which pardoned most of the former Confederates allowing nearly all white Southerners to vote and hold office again | Amnesty Act |
| a group of persons directed to perform some duties | Commission |
| a deal made by congressional leaders to settle the disputed election between Hayes and Tilden that promised to give more aid to the South and withdraw remaining troops from the Southern states in return the Democrats there maintain the rights of blacks | Compromise of 1877 |
| a process developed by Kelly and Bessemer to inexpensively produce steel from iron | Bessemer process |
| farm crop raised to be sold for money | Cash crop |
| a tax of a fixed amount per person that had to be paid before a person could vote | Poll tax |
| a method used to prevent African Americans from voting by requiring prospective voters to read and write at a specified level | Literacy test |
| a clause that allowed individuals who did not pass the literacy test to vote if their fathers or grandfathers had voted before Reconstruction began; and exception to a law based on preexisting circumstances | Grandfather clause |
| the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group | Segregation |
| laws passed to enforce segregation that required African Americans and whites to be separated in almost every public place where they might come in contact with each other | Jim Crow Laws |
| the putting to death of a person by the illegal action of a mob | Lynching |
| a name given to the Republicans because of their more radical views | Radical Republicans |
| a leading Radical Republican who declared that all Southern institution must be destroyed and the remade with different principles because if not, then the war was fought for not reason | Thaddeus Stevens |
| a person freed from slavery | Freedmen |
| an agency established the help African Americans who were recently freed from slavery | Freedmen's Bureau |
| the assassin who killed Lincoln because of political differences | John Wilkes Booth |
| the Democratic president who followed Lincoln who had ongoing problems with the Republican Congress | Andrew Johnson |
| the Secretary of War who Johnson suspended in violation of the Tenure of Office Act | Edwin Stanton |
| the winning Republican candidate of the election of 1868 who also led the Union in the Civil War | Ulysses S. Grant |
| an African American senator and ordained minister who recruited African Americans for the Union army during the Civil War and later started a school for freed African Americans in Missouri | Hiram Revels |
| an African American senator who became the superintendent of schools in Mississippi | Blanche K. Bruce |
| a society formed in 1866 that practiced extreme violence against African Americans who wanted to vote and white who supported Reconstruction | Ku Klux Klan |
| a New York newspaper editor who was nominated by the Liberal Republicans in 1872 to run against Grant in the election – although he was also supported by the Democrats Grant won the election | Horace Greeley |
| the governor of Ohio who was nominated by the Republicans for the election of 1876 who held a reputation for honesty and had moderate views on Reconstruction who ended up winning the election | Rutherford B. Hayes |
| the New York governor and losing Democratic candidate for the election of 1876 who ran against Hayes | Samuel Tilden |
| a name given to Southern whites who supported economic development and opposed Northern interference for saving the South from Republican rule | Redeemers |
| a newspaper editor who headed the group that supported the construction of the New South, which would be based on industrialism | Henry Grady |
| a owner of the tobacco company that eventually controlled all tobacco manufacturing in the nation | James Duke |
| an African American writer and civil rights leader who said “The slave went free; stood a brief moment in the sun; then moved back again towards slavery” to describe the treatment of African Americans in the late-1800’s | W.E.B. DuBois |
| the city in which Ford’s theater is located and Lincoln was assassinated | Washington D.C. |
| the reorganization and rebuilding of the former Confederate states after the Civil War | Reconstruction |
| a Supreme Court case in 1896 that upheld Jim Crow laws and supported the phrase “separate but equal” | Plessy vs. Ferguson |
| When and who passed the Wade-Davis Bill? What did it regard? | Congress in 1864; Reconstruction |
Created by:
Avery and Tiffany
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