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Mesopotamia test
Flash cards for Mesopotamia Unit Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1 Drought | A long period of time with little to no rain which can cause food shortages To combat drought in their new homeland between the rivers, Sumerians created an irrigation system of canals, levees and dams to keep their crops watered |
| 2 Famine | A widespread lack of food, causing people to starve to death |
| 3 Surplus | An extra supply of something like food, or tools, or seeds that can be used to trade/barter They had to start to trade their supplies for useful items |
| 4 Barter | A trade of one resource for another without the use of money |
| 5 City-State | It is big group of people with a self-governing city and the farmland surrounding it |
| 6 Ziggurat | Mesopotamian temple |
| 7 Cuneiform | The first system of writing, created by the Sumerians You have to go to scribe school to write(only upper class) very little girls go to scrid school. It was first used to record what have been traded and the people that wrote this down were called scr |
| 8 Code of Hammurabi | The first written system of laws created by Hammurabi (the king) the codes are used to effect the entire society When a case was to Hammurabi his advisor and they would chose the punishment according to the law. |
| 9 Ten Commandments | The laws that became the foundation of Jewish belief and behavior |
| 10 Judaism | The first religion, developed by the ancient Hebrews |
| 11 Polytheism | A religion with many gods |
| 12 Monotheism | A religion with only one God |
| 13 Explain the Mesopotamia Social Structure | 1. king 2. priests scribes 3. skilled craftsmen, merchants, and traders, 4. farmers and laborers 5. slaves Everyone has a role in the Social Structure to help the City-Stat grow |
| 14 4 W's Akkadians | World's 1st empire & ruled by King Sargon, with his powerful army in tight formations with shields and spears. Appointed loyal governors & had his sons take over after he died. Collected tributes from the people he conquered. Steles (3D sculptures) |
| 15 4 W's Babylonians | Hammurabi wrote his Code of Laws which brought order & unified the empire. Punishments were harsh ("eye for an eye") where penalty fit the crime. Built roads & created the postal service. Great place to be a woman or a slave because they had many rights. |
| 16 3 W's Assyrians | Cruel fighters who used horses with war chariots, iron weapons, battering rams & moveable towers to lay siege to a city (attack over and over until the city falls). Capital city was Nineveh. Empire was the largest of all 4 and too large to protect |
| 17 4 W's Neo-Babylonians | Nebuchadrezzar II built inner & outer city walls, created towers for archers, dug moat, rebuilt the ziggurat, created the Hanging Gardens of Babylon for his Persian wife who was homesick. Advancements in math & astronomy (1st sundial) |
| 18 Sargon | Warrior who found the Akkadian Empire and so became the first ruler of the an empire in the Fertile Crescent. |
| 19 Hammurabi | King of the city-state of Babylon, who is famous for his set of laws known as the Hammurabi's code |
| 20 Nebuchadrezzar | King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire who expanded the empire by driving out the Egyptians out of Syria, conquered Canaan and took the rebel Hebrews captive. |
| 21 Abraham | The Hebrew leader who took his people from southern Mesopotamia to Canaan |
| 22 Moses | This person led the Hebrews out of slavery out of Egypt. |
| 23 Fertile Crescent | A region of fertile, well-watered land in the Middle East from the Persian Gulf, up the Tigris and Euphrates, down to the Nile River |
| 24 Mesopotamia | means "land between the rivers"; a river valley in the Fertile Crescent, present day Iraq this was a good area for growing crops because rivers flooded and deposited rich soil. |
| 25 Sumer | A region in the plains of lower Mesopotamia just North of the Persian Gulf where the first "Mesopotamians" lived after moving out of the Zagros Mountains |
| 26 Babylon | A city-state slightly north of Sumer, famous for its hanging gardens, capital of both Babylonian and Neo-Babylonian empires |
| 27 Canaan | The first region settled by the ancient Hebrews |
| 28 Mount Sinai | A mountain just north of the Red Sea where the ancient Hebrews lived after fleeing Egypt before settling in Jerusalem. Where Moses received the 10 Commandments. |
| 29 Jerusalem | A major city in Israel, and ancient capital from which early Hebrew kings ruled |
| 31 7 Characteristics of Civilization and give specific examples for each one from the Mesopotamian Society to prove they were civilized. | 1.social structure-same person on all coins 2.writing-words on coin3.arts-pictures on coin 4.government-says United States 5.stable food supply-coin would not be there without it 6.technology-need to make it with a tool 7.religion-it says in god we trust |
| 32 4 problems and four solutions the Mesopotamians faced and conquered | 1. Problem: Enough food could not be produced in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. Solution: People moved out of the foothills and onto the plains 2. Problem: There was uncontrolled water supply on the plains. Solution: The Sumerians created. |
| 32 List the city-states in order | 1) Akkadians 2) Babylonians 3) Assyrians 4) Neo-Babylonians |
Created by:
cpapa22
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