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The Age of Reason
The English Civil War,The Enlightenment, & the Scientific Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Divine Right | (was the idea that monarchs(kings and queens) received their authority from God)and ruled their dominions in "his "name. Therefore, to question the authority of the monarchs was to question the authority from God. |
| absolute ruler | *Centralized power *The ability of the monarch to create laws and serve as judge jury, and executioner. *Ability to grant lands on which people lived and tax all that was on those lands. |
| Louis XIV( The sun king ) Example of European absolute monarchs | *Revoked(canceled) the edict of Nantes forcing all French to be Catholic. *Instituted(placed) heavy taxes to finance the palace of Versailles as a symbol of his power. |
| Peter 1 ( The Great) | *Forced Russia to westernize *Forced Russian nobles to shave their beards *Instituted(placed) heavy taxes to build a new capital in his name "St. Petersburg" and create a modern Western military |
| Versailles Palace | Louis XIV Instituted(placed) heavy taxes to finance the palace of Versailles as a symbol of his power. |
| English Civil War | Parliament revolts against king Charles I for his abuse of power. The forces of king Charles I ( the Cavaliers), are defeated by the parliament(the Roundheads) leaded by Oliver Cromwell which then executes King Charles I. |
| Roundheads | The forces of Parliament |
| Cavaliers | The forces of king Charles I. |
| king Charles I | King Charles I went to war with parliament because of his abuse in power. Cromwell's New Model Army Defeats King Charles I Forces and he's then executed by Oliver Cromwell. |
| King Charles II | Dissatisfaction with Oliver Cromwell's rule caused parliament to invite King Charles II to retake monarchy in England. King Charles II rules with respect for parliament. Then Charles II dies. |
| King James II | King James II ; a catholic. Assumes (take on) becomes king of England. James II ties to strengthen power of the monarch moving toward absolute monarchy. Parliament was dissatisfied. |
| William & Mary | James II daughter Mary & her husband William to take over the monarchy. They become the new Queen and king of England. Mary & William sign an England Bill of Rights in 1689 creating " a constitutional " or " limited" monarchy. |
| Constitutional or limited monarchy | law is "common law" which is not based on social ranking or status, but by the court's rulings which are for 11 people... this is the form of England's government to this day. |
| Period of the "restoration of the Monarchy" | |
| Oliver Cromwell | Parliament ruled England as a republic(has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch), with NO king Oliver Cromwell used his New Model Army to overtake the government and rule himself. This new government was known as the commonwealth. |
| The Commonwealth | *Everyone living in the commonwealth should lead their lives according to what was written in the Bible. |
| The Glorious Revolution | |
| The Enlightenment | |
| The scientific revolution | |
| Thomas Hobbes | |
| Montesquieu | |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | |
| Voltaire | |
| Leviathan | |
| two treatises on government | |
| in the spirit of laws | |
| The social contract | |
| Nicolaus Copernics | |
| Johannes kepler | |
| Galileo Galilei | |
| Sir Isaac newton | |
| William Harvey | |
| Johann Sebastian Bach | |
| Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | |
| Eugene de la croix | |
| romanticism | |
| Miguel de Cervantes | |
| Centralized power | |
| John Locke |
Created by:
anamartin
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