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2C Colonial America
Events and Ideas of the Colonial Era
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What was Jamestown? | First permanent English settlement in North America, founded in 1607 |
Why was Jamestown important? | Jamestown was created to make money; it was successful using slave labor to grow tobacco |
What was the Mayflower Compact? | Written agreement outlining how the Pilgrims would govern themselves in 1620 |
Why was the Mayflower Compact important? | Example of early self-government in the colonies |
What is the difference between exploration and colonization? | Exploration - Explorers go home eventually Colonization - Colonizers stay |
Why did Europeans EXPLORE the Americas? | Gold, God, Glory - Spread Christianity; find wealth; and, national pride |
Why did Europeans COLONIZE the Americas? | Two reasons - mercantilism and to escape religious persecution |
What is mercantilism? | Taking the resources of the American colonies and using them to get rich. |
What is "representative government?" | Republicanism - the idea that people elect their own leaders |
Why did Representative Government grow so quickly in the American colonies? | 1. The British king was too far away to govern effectively. 2. The English had a tradition of elected leadership in Parliament. |
What were the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut? | First written constitution in the colonies. |
What was the Virginia House of Burgesses? | First representative assembly in the American colonies. |
Were all African Americans in the colonies slaves? | No. |
Describe the lives of enslaved African Americans in the colonies. | No political rights; considered property; essential labor for the plantation economies in the south |
Describe the lives of FREE African Americans in the colonies. | No political rights; low-wage earners; limited access to education; socially isolated |
Describe the physical geography of the New England region? | Subsistence farming; poor soil; cold climate; forest; natural harbors |
Describe the physical geography of the Middle Colonies. | Rich soil, deep rivers; natural ports; mild winters; river valleys |
Describe the physical geography of the Southern Colonies. | Navigable rivers; rich soil; warm climate - long growing season; natural harbors |
How did physical geography affect economic development in the three colonial regions? | New England - small farms, fishing and shipping; Middle Colonies grew food; Southern colonies - slaves on plantations & cash crops |
How did the physical environment influence population growth in the colonies? | In the New England and Middle colonies, people lived near waterways; in the South, people were spread out on plantations |
How were French and English colonists different? | The English were farmers; the French were fur trappers and traders. |
Why did the plantation system develop in the South? | Physical environment was perfect for growing cash crops |
How did slavery start in the Americas? | Slaves were first brought to the Americas to provide labor on sugar plantations in the British West Indies. |
What was Triangular Trade? | Refers to the exchange of goods (cash crops) for slaves between England, West Africa and the Americas. |
Why did the numbers of slaves in the Americas grow over time? | The demand for cash crops was enormous and more labor was needed to meet this demand. |
What were the Puritan beliefs about religion and government? | Believed in state-sponsored religion; that is, no separation of religion and government |
What was the First Great Awakening? | Period where people began to embrace religion more enthusiastically in response to revivalist preachers. |