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Mid-Term Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Prime meridian | line of the global grid running from the North Pole to the South Pole at Greenwich, England; used as the starting point for measuring degrees of east and west longitude. |
| Latitude | distance north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees and minutes; “latitude flatitude” |
| Longitude | location east and west of the Prime Meridian measured by imaginary lines numbered in degrees. |
| Physical Features | characteristics of a place occurring naturally, such as a landform, body of water, climate pattern or resource. |
| Physical Map | show natural features, such as rivers and mountains. |
| Political Maps | show places that people have created, such as cities or the boundaries of states and nations. |
| Special Purpose Map | who information on specific topics such as land use, climate, or vegetation; human activities also appear such as exploration, westward movement or battle sights. |
| Elevation | Height of land above sea level |
| Climate | variation in temperature over long periods of time and regions. |
| Timberline | line or altitude above which no trees grow. |
| Civilized | well organized and socially developed. |
| Colony | a new settlement or territory established and governed by a country in another land. |
| Columbain Exchange | -the exchange of plants, animals, disease, and people across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe and the Americas. |
| Cultural Region | an area in which a group of people share a similar culture and language. |
| Conquistadors | Spanish soldiers-explorers, especially those who conquered the native peoples of Mexico and Peru. |
| Matrilineal | people traced their ancestry through their mothers, not their fathers. |
| Indigenous | originating in and characteristic of a particular region or country; native peoples. |
| Paleo-Indians | term given to the first people to entered and inhabited the Americas |
| Middle Ages | the period of European history between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance; roughly 500-1500 a.d. |
| Feudal System | a peasant or worker received a piece of land in return for serving a lord or king, especially during times of war |
| Crusades | a medieval military expedition made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land during the 11th-13thcenturies. |
| Renaissance | a revival of classical art, architecture, literature and learning during the 14th-16th centuries |
| Age of Exploration | 1400-1500s; sea captains and explorers from many different European countries sailed the oceans and mapped the world more accurately than ever before. |
| Navigation | the process or activity of accurately plotting or directing one’s position and planning and following a route. |
| Cape of Good Hope | Named by Portugal; southern tip of Africa to represent hope of reaching India by sailing around Africa. |
| Jamestown | settlement in the Virginia settled in 1607; the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. |
| Lost Colony | Established on Roanoke Island founded by Queen Elizabeth I as the first attempt at a permanent English colony; disappeared within three years. |
| Citizenship | having the right to live, work, vote and pay taxes in the country you live. |
| The Constitution | Created 1787; embodies the fundamental laws and principles by which the United States is governed |
| The Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship. |
| Federal System | system of government that divides powers between the states and the federal government. |
| Impeach | to bring charges of serious crimes against the President; cases are tried in the Senate |
| Veto | to cancel; President can veto laws Congress has passed. |
| Executive Orders | Commands of the President having the power of law. |
| Due Process | The law must be fairly applied by the government for punishment |
| Double Jeopardy | a person cannot be tried again for the same crime. |
| Eminent Domain | The power to take personal property to benefit the public. |
| Political Action Committees | (PACs); groups that collect money for candidates who support certain issues. |
| Interest Groups | groups of people that share a common interest that motivates them to take political action |
| General Election | term referencing the presidential election; held at regular intervals in which candidates are elected in all or most constituencies of a nation or state. |
| Partisan | a strong supporter of a party, cause or person |
| Mercantilism | an economic policy in which nations tried to gain wealth by controlling trade and establishing colonies. |
| Cash Crop | a crop raised in large quantities and sold for profit; such as tobacco, sugar, and cotton |
| Parliament | the lawmaking body of England, consisting of representatives from through out the kingdom |
| Great Awakening | the lawmaking body of England, consisting of representatives from through out the kingdom |
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