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Terms and Ideas

U.S. History Final Exam Study Guide

TermDefinition
Manifest Destiny The 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.
Monroe Doctrine A principle of US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US.
President Lincoln thoughts on slavery Lincoln was morally opposed to slavery and politically opposed to any expansion of it.
Homestead Act of 1862 A law passed in the 1860s that offered up to 160 acres of public land to any head of a family who paid a registration fee, lived on the land for five years, and cultivated it or built on it.
Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is defined as the formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain.
Mercantilism Belief in the benefits of profitable trading
Mayflower Compact The Mayflower Compact bound them to live in a civil society according to their own laws.
Progressive Movement Progressives typically held that irresponsible actions by the rich were corrupting both public and private life.
Industrialization Industrialization is the process by which an economy is transformed from primarily agricultural to one based on the manufacturing of goods.
Political Machines A political machine is a political organization in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses, who receive rewards for their efforts.
Progressive Era The Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to the 1920s.
Great Society- Lyndon Johnson The programs of the Great Society had several goals, including clean air and water, expanded educational opportunities, and the lessening of poverty and disease in the United States.
Age of Enlightenment an intellectual and scientific movement of 18th century Europe which was characterized by a rational and scientific approach to religious, social, political, and economic issues
Fourteen Points The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for world peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I
Great Compromise a compromise adopted at the Constitutional Convention, providing the states with equal representation in the Senate and proportional representation in the House of Representatives.
Common Sense Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775–76 advocating independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies
Muckrakers One who inquires into and publishes scandal and allegations of corruption among political and business leaders
Civil War The war fought in the United States between northern Union and southern Confederate states from 1861 to 1865, in which the Confederacy sought to establish itself as a separate nation
Reconstruction The period after the Civil War in which the states formerly part of the Confederacy were brought back into the United States
Sugar Act A law passed by the British Parliament in 1764 raising duties on foreign refined sugar imported by the colonies so as to give British sugar growers in the West Indies a monopoly on the colonial market
Contributing factors to the American Revolution The British government decided to make the American colonies pay a large share of the war debt from the French and Indian War. Through the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and other taxes, the British tried to collect taxes that the American people considered harsh
Square Deal- Theodore Roosevelt A term for President Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program, formed upon three basic ideas: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection
Created by: jjbufford
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