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Urinalysis
U/A ch 25 urinalysis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 95% water and 5%dissolved substances in the composition of | urine |
| Dissolved substances in urine include | urea,uric acid, creatinine,ammonia,calcium,magnesium,phosphorus |
| abnormal substances found in urine | glucose. albumin; ketones; blood; bilirubin;pus; casts; bacteria |
| minimum amount of urine needed for a U/A | 10 ml |
| specimen should be labeled with what information | date; time; patient name and dob |
| steps included to obtain a clean catch urine | cleanse genital area; urinate small amount then stop and collect rest of urine in cup. |
| special urine collection bag is used for | pediatric patients |
| soft, flexible tube inserted through urethra into the bladder to obtain a sterile specimen | catheterization |
| urine specimen that requires no special preparation | random urine collection |
| quantitative tests that measures specific amount of a substance that is excreted over a 24 hour period | 24 hour urine |
| 24 hour urine should begin with the | first morning urine |
| urine specimens should be stored in the | refrigerator |
| CLIA requires this to be performed on all waived labs and equipment to assure accurate results | quality control |
| three parts of routine urinalysis | physical; chemical and microscopic examination |
| physical exam of urine includes observations of | color; clarity; odor; volume and specific gravity |
| dark yellow or amber urine may indicate | concentrated urine, dehydration |
| orange urine | medication such as pyridium |
| brown urine | aged RBC's |
| cloudy pink; red | hematuria |
| black urine | medications; liver conditions |
| green; blue/green | bilirubin |
| colorless | very dilute |
| straw to yellow | normal |
| bright yellow | vitamin B12 |
| positive prote | renal disease; extreme exercise |
| positive glucose | diabetes |
| positive ketones | starvation; uncontrolled diabetes |
| positive blood | kidney stones; menses; hemolytic anemia |
| positive bilirubin | hepatitis or liver disease |
| positive nitrate | UTI; bacteria |
| positive leukocytes | UTI |
| abnormal specific gravity | kidney dysfunction |
| measures the kidneys concentrating ability | specific gravity |
| common terms to describe clarity | clear; hazy; cloudy; turbid |
| specific gravity of 1.005 | dilute urine |
| specific gravity of 1.030 | concentrated urine |
| examination of urine sediment | microscopic exam |
| steps to obtain urine sediment for exam | 10ml of urine in test tube; centrifuge for 5 minutes; pour off the liquid leaving 1ml; agitate the urine and place one drop on slide with one drop of stain and then view |
| causes of cloudy urine | WBC's; RBC's; lipids; bacteria; protein |
Created by:
clarevoyant1019
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