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2nd six weeks test

QuestionAnswer
Jamestown 1st successful English settlement in North America
Roanoke Croatoan/The Lost Colony
Plymouth Pilgrims 1620
Magna Carta 1215; limited the power of the English King; foundation for English Bill of Rights
Treaty of Paris 1763 - American Colonies are free and have rights to all lands East of the Mississippi River
Navigation Acts - All shipping done in English or Colonial Ships; tobacco, wood, and sugar all sold in English land; european Imports must pass through England 1st, all goods not shipped through England are taxed.
Mayflower Compact - Agreement signed on the Mayflower ship by Pilgrims
Join or Die Cartoon - Drawn by Benjamin Franklin; the colonies join together and fight against the French in the French and Indian War
Proclamation of 1763 – Colonists could not go past the Appalachian Mountains after the French and Indian War, they had to STOP
Intolerable Acts – Parliament closed the Boston Harbor, 1774
Enlightenment – Science, John Locke, Newton
Great Awakening – Religious revival, Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield
Boston Massacre – March, 1770; a symbol of British tyranny
Boston Tea Party – December, 1773
Stamp Act – 1765, Taxed all documents and paper products
1st Continental Congress – September 1774, 55 colonial delegates gathered in Philadelphia
Lexington and Concord – 1775, British march to arrest Patriot leaders and destroy the militia’s supplies; signaled the start of the Revolutionary War
Taxation without Representation – Colonists opposed taxes since they didn’t have representation in the Parliament
Declaration of Independence – July 4, 1776; people should be able to change the government when the government doesn’t protect their rights
Unalienable rights – Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness; Cannot be denied by government –
Haym Solomon helped finance the American Revolution with interest-free loans
King during the American Revolution; pulled his statue down!!
King George III
Mercy Otis Warren – leader in Daughters of Liberty; wrote poems and plays supporting revolution
French and Indian War – Began in 1754; British VS French; British WON
American Grievances against King George III – taxed colonists without consent; quartered soldiers among colonists; deprived colonists of trial by jury; dissolved colonists representative assemblies.
British Advantages – more people; 1/3 of colonists were Loyalists; Trained Army; strong Navy
American Advantages – Large territory to control; better military leaders; fighting on familiar soil
George Washington read The Crisis by Thomas Paine – to encourage troops to be strong and fight on after several defeats
Trenton and Princeton – Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas, 1776 and surprised a garrison of Hessian mercenaries; victory for Patriots
Hessian mercenaries – professional soldiers from Germany hired to fight for Britain
Saratoga – October, 1777; American victory; French openly sent money and supplies to America after this battle; took place in New York
Valley Forge – Winter, 1778; took place in Pennsylvania; few supplies; disease; bitter cold; little food
Yorktown – Ended the American Revolution; October, 1781
Benedict Arnold – helped defeat the British at Saratoga and became a traitor
Marquis de Lafayette – French volunteer who came to USA in 1777; served with George Washington
Baron Friedrich von Steuben – introduced bayonets as a new fighting tactic for Patriots
Strategy – a plan of action; how I will do something
John Paul Jones – Naval Officer; beat HMS Serapis; “I have not yet begun to fight!”; First naval hero
Ethan Allen – Green Mountain Boys; helped take Fort Ticonderoga
George Rogers Clark – seized British forts along the frontier
War in the South – more guerrilla warfare than war in the North
James Armistead – African slave who spied and helped win the Battle of Yorktown
Benjamin Franklin – Delegate from Pennsylvania; helped draft the Declaration of Independence; urged the French to join the American Revolution on the Patriot side
Common Sense – written by Thomas Paine; encouraged the colonists to declare their independence
Treaty of Paris, 1783 – gave lands east of the Mississippi River to the colonists; ended Revolutionary War
Indigo – Grown in South Carolina NOT Virginia
Bernardo de Galvez – Raised an army of Spanish soldiers for the Patriot cause
Created by: _Vegeta_
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