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WWI

GEHS Terms and events

TermDefinition
militarism a policy of building up armed forces to prepare for war
Balance of power The posture and policy of a nation or group of nations protecting itself against another nation or group of nations by matching its power against the power of the other side.
Triple Alliance An alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI.
Triple Entente An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI.
What three factors increased military and political tensions in Europe? nationalism, imperialism, and militarism
nationalism the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other
Franz Ferdinand Archduke of Austria who is assassinated by Serbian nationalist; sparks WWI
Nicholas II Last Tsar of Russia, he involved the Russians in WWI
mobilize the act of assembling and making both troops and supplies ready for war.
Central Powers in World War I the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary and other nations allied with them in opposing the Allies
Allied Powers world war I alliance of Britian, France, and Russia, and later joined by Italy, the United States, and others.
Kaiser Wilhelm II German emperor in World War I; his aggressive foreign policy is often blamed for starting the war.
Schlieffen Plan Germany's military plan at the outbreak of World War I, according to which German troops would rapidly defeat France and then move east to attack Russia.
First Battle of the Marne WW1 battle in which French forces stopped the German advance near Paris; 1914
trench warfare Fighting with trenches, mines, and barbed wire. Horrible living conditions, great slaughter, limited gains, stalemate.
no-man's land A strip of land beween the trenches of opposing armies along the Western Front during WW1
Weapons of WWI poison (mustard) gas, machine guns, tanks, submarines -- claimed thousands of lives more effectively and didn't make for a shorter war as expected
U-Boats German submarines, were the worlds largest and most advanced, causing heavy losses to Allied shipping
stalemate deadlock in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the other
isolationism a national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs
Lusitania American boat that was sunk by the German U-boats; made America consider entering WWI
Sussex pledge the agreement between Germany and the US that said that Germany would sink no more merchant ships without warning
Woodrow Wilson American President during WWI - had 14 point plan - key figure in League of Nations
Zimmermann Note a secret document to Mexico that said Germany would help them regain lost territories in Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico if they joined the war on the Central Powers side
Three events leading to U.S. entering the war in order sinking of Lusitania, breaking of Sussex pledge, and the Zimmerman Note
Committee on Public Information U.S. government organization that produced propaganda to build support for the war
George Creel Headed the Committee on Public Information, for promoting the war effort in WWI through parades, posters and pamphlets
Espionage Act of 1917 Law which punished people for aiding the enemy or refusing military duty during WW1
Sedition Act of 1918 made it illegal for Americans to speak disloyaly about the US government, constitution, or flag
Selective Service Act Law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men from ages 21 to 30 to register for the military draft
Women's jobs in military nurses, ambulance drivers, interpreters, typists, telephone services,
Liberty Bonds Where people bought bonds so the government could get that money now for war. The bonds increased in interest over time.
War Industries Board (WIB) created by Wilson to oversee the production and distribution of goods made by the country's war industries
Three conditions that produced higher wages and better conditions for labor Allied need for American products; labor shortage as men joined army; decline in immigrant workers
National War Labor Board helped resolve labor disputes that might slow down war production.
Effects of war on industry and labor higher wages, better working conditions, and greater government control over the economy
American Expeditionary Forces The US forces led by General John Pershing who fought with the allies in Europe during WWI
Communists people who favor the equal distribution of wealth and the end of all forms of private property
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk treaty in which Russia lost substantial territory to the Germans. This ended Russian participation in the war.
Second Battle of the Marne The first battle that the US participated in overseas. They stopped Germany from taking France, turning point of world war 1
armistice cease fire signed in the 11th hour, on the 11th day, of the 11th month 1918.
Fourteen Points Woodrow Wilson's plan put before the League of Nations to prevent future war. called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations
Self-determination right of people to choose their own form of government
League of Nations International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join.
reparations payment for damages after a war
Treaty of Versailles Treaty that ended WWI. It blamed Germany for WWI and handed down harsh punishment.
Created by: webera
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