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Ch 10 Sociology
Sociology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do sociologist define social class | sociologist do not have a clear cut definition od social class |
| How many classes are there to Karl Marx | 2 classes |
| Whose definition of social class do most sociologists align themself with | with weber and that social class is based on prestige, power, property. |
| What did William Domohoft Say | no major decision is made withouth their approval |
| C Wrights Mills definition of Social Class | the ability to exercise ones will despite resistance power elite |
| Power Elite | composed of the military, corporate, and government officials. |
| Property | wealth( what we own) and income (what we earn) and can be inconsistent |
| income inequality | 10 % of the U.S. population owns 70% of the wealth, the wealthiest 1% of the Americans own 1/3 of all assets, the top 20% of the U.S acquire 47% of the income, the bottom 20% acquire the 4.2% of the income , ceo's median wage is 11 million |
| Prestige | regard or respect given to an occupation or a feat |
| status inconsistency | describe the situation of people who have high and low rankings |
| Race | Inherited physical characteristics and is a social construct |
| Ethnicity is a...? | shared cultural characteristic |
| Ethnic Work is....? | actively attempting to create or maintain an ethnic identity |
| Minority | does not refer to numerics but to power |
| Dominant group...? | does not attribute their power to their suppression of the minority but attribute it to their superiority |
| Sex | Biological process/reproductive organ, male or female |
| Gender Binary(Western) | The Western assumption that gender can be explained and categorized by placing a gender in a binary |
| is gender biological | No! |
| The intersects population | the population born with non-typical chromosomes, xxy yyx |
| Transgender | Whose gender identity does not align with their biology |
| Cisgender | gender matched biology |
| Patriarchy | The systematic privilege men have over women |
| Feminism | 1st Wave: Suffrage Movement; Right to vote 2nd Wave: 1950-1960; Right to go back to work 3rd Wave:1990's - Now; Global women's rights and LGBTQ |
| Michael Kimmel | gender, masculinity invisible of privilege |
| Types of Discrimination | 1. Individual discrimination 2.Institutional Discrimination: when discriminatory practices become a part of an institution |
| Market/Economy | The mechanism by which values are established to exchange goods and services |
| What was food history like | agricultural>horticultural>industrial( subsistence>economics>surplus) |
| What came out of surplus | inequality |
| Post Industrial Society | global village, information explosion, |
| What does Daniel Bell Say | 1) Large service sector in which most people work 2)A large surplus of goods 3)Extensive trade among nations 4)Wide variety of goods and services that are available to the average person 5)information explosion 6)instantaneous world wide communic |
| Capitalism | 1)private ownership of the means of production 2) market competition (self regulates) 3)profit motive |
| Socialism | 1)public ownership of the means of production 2) central planning 3)distribution of goods without profit motive |
| Convergence Theory | Capitalism and socialism are converging |
| Functionalist view of Global Capitalism | work binds people together; organic solidarity- independence w/ different tastes |
| `Conflict Theorists of Global Capitalism | global interdependence benefits the wealthy at the expense of the workers; often attempt to influence legislation in their favor |
| Oligopolies | Several large companies that dominate a single industry>Set the prices> the quality> Markets |
| Megamergers | Merging different corporations, reduces competition, and consolidation of power |
| Interlocking Directionates | occur when individuals serve on the board of directors of several companies>minimizes competitions and consolidates power |
| Politics | refers to power relations wherever they exist |
| Micropolitics | exercise of power in everyday life |
| Macropolitics | large scale exercise of power eg. government |
| Education | a formal system of teaching knowledge, values, and skills |
| Cultural Capital | privileges accompanying a social location that help someone later on in life |
| Manifest Functions | the intended beneficial consequences of people's reactions |
| Latent Functions | unintended beneficial consequences |
| Credential Society | the use of diplomas and degrees to determine who is eligible for jobs even if they don't apply to the actual work |
| Inclusion | helping people become apart of mainstream society |
| Social Placement | funneling people into societies various positions |
| Gatekeeping | a process where education opens and closes doors of opportunity |
| Tracking | the sorting of students into different education programs on the basis of real or perceived abilities |
| Hidden Curriculum | unwritten goals of education; obedience and conformity |
| Correspondence Principle | the sociologists principle that schools correspond/ reflect the social structure of their society |
| grade inflation | higher grades for the same amount of work |
| Social Promotion | passing students to the next level without mastering the required skills |
| Functional Literacy | high school graduates who have difficulty with basic math |
Created by:
mada22
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