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GOV Topic 6 Vocab
GOV Topic 6 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bureaucracy | A large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of an organization |
| Bureaucrat | A person who works for a bureaucratic organization |
| Administration | The officials in the executive branch of a government and their policies and principles |
| Executive Office of the President | An organization of several agencies staffed by the president's closed advisors |
| Federal Budget | A detailed financial document containing estimates of federal income and spending during the coming fiscal year |
| Executive Departments | Often called "the Cabinet" departments; they are the traditional units of federal administration |
| Secretary | An official in charge of a department of government |
| Attorney General | The head of the department of Justice |
| Civilian | Nonmilitary |
| Independent Agencies | Additional agencies created by congress located outside the cabinet departments |
| Independent Executive Agencies | Agencies headed by a single administrator with regional subunits, but lacking Cabinet status |
| Civil service | Refers to governmental service in which individuals are employed (hired) on the basis of professional merit as proven by competitive examinations |
| Patronage | The practice of giving jobs to supporters and friends |
| Spoils System | The practice of giving offices and other favors of government to political supporters and friends |
| Draft | Conscription, or compulsory military service |
| Independent Regulatory Commissions | Independent agencies created by congress, designed to regulate important aspects of the nation's economy, largely beyond the reach of presidential control |
| Government Corporations | Corporations within the executive branch subject to the president's direction and control, set up by congress to carry out certain business-like activities |
| Isolationism | A purposeful refusal to become generally involved in the affairs of the rest of the world |
| Foreign Policy | A group of policies made up of all the stands and actions that a nation takes in every aspect of its relationships with other countries |
| Cold War | A period of more than 40 years during which relations between the superpowers were at least tense, and often hostile. A time of threats and military build up |
| Collective Security | The keeping of international peace and order |
| Containment | A policy based in the belief that if communism could be kept within its existing boundaries, it could collapse under the weight of its internal weaknesses |
| Detente | A relaxation of tensions |
| Isthmus of Panama | When this country revolted and became independent of Colombia, the U.S. gained the right to build a canal here by the United States which dramatically shortened the time required to sail between the East and West making global shipping much cheaper |
| Pearl Harbor | America's historic commitment to isolationism was finally ended by WWII when the Japanese attached the American naval base herein Hawaii on December 7, 1941 |
| Right of Legation | The right to send and receive diplomatic representatives |
| Ambassador | An official representative of the United States appointed by the president to represent the nation in matters of diplomacy |
| Diplomatic Immunity | When an ambassador is not subject to the laws of the state to which they are accredited |
| Passport | A legal document issued by a state that identifies a person as a citizen of the state and permits travel to and from that state |
| Visa | A permit to enter another country, obtained from the country one wishes to enter |
| Foreign Aid | Economic and military aid to other countries |
| Regional Security Alliances | Treaties in which the United States and other countries involved have agreed to take collective action to meet aggression in a particular part of the world |
| NATO | An alliance formed to protect the freedom and security of its members through political and military action |
| United Nations | A league of nations, with 192 members, that accepts the obligations of the charter, a treaty drafted in 1945 |
| Security Council | a 15-member panel that bears the UN's major responsibility for keeping international peace |
| Madeleine Albright | The nation's first woman to hold the secretary of state post in 1997 |
| Ayatollah Khomeini | He made the most serious breach in modern time against diplomatic immunity in Iran in late 1979 when his militant followers seized the American embassy in Tehran. 66 Americans were taken hostage and 52 were held for 444 days until finally released |
| Slobodan Milosevic | NATO forces, drawn mostly from the United States, Great Britain, and Canada put an end to the horrific campaigns of "ethnic cleansing,' directed by this Serbian president |
| Espionage | Spying |
| Terrorism | The use of violence to intimidate a government or society |
Created by:
cwarsing
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