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Early People
Chapter 1: Life in the Western Hemisphere
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Maya | successful farmers that began to grow a surplus |
| Maya | people began to specialize, or do only one kind of job; this created a civilization that was complex |
| Maya | studied the movement of the sun, moon, stars, and planets and created an extremely accurate calendar |
| Maya | among the first people to use the number zero |
| Maya | developed methods to build tall pyramids that held religious ceremonies and were the burial places for kings |
| Maya | developed their own system of writing similar to that of the Egyptians |
| Maya | civilization began to decline in the year 750; by 900 they had deserted most of their cities |
| Aztec | migrated south from northern Mexico, following the instructions of one of their gods to travel until they saw an eagle with a snake in its beak sitting on a cactus |
| Aztec | built Tenochtitlan in the Valley of Mexico |
| Aztec | created "floating gardens" in order to have more land for farming |
| Aztec | used irrigation and carved terraces into hillsides |
| Aztec | created an empire that stretched from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans by conquering people around them |
| Aztec | demanded people to become slaves as tribute |
| Aztec | worshiped many gods, including Huitzilopochtli-the god of war |
| Inca | created an empire through conquests; connected empire by building roads |
| Mound Builders | lived east of the Mississippi River |
| Mound Builders | built mounds as burial places for important chiefs, and honor animal spirits |
| Mound Builders | three main groups were the Adena, Hopewell, and Mississippians |
| Mound Builders | trade was important; artifacts found that would have come from hundreds of miles away |
| Anasazi | farming group located at the "Four Corners" |
| Anasazi | first people to use irrigation in what would become the United States |
| Anasazi | built apartment-style buildings on top of mesas |
| Anasazi | also known as "Cliff Dwellers" |
| Anasazi | experts at weaving baskets that could be used to carry water |
| Anasazi | suddenly abandoned their villages in the Four Corners region; believed to have been the result of a drought |
| Inuit | traveled from Asia to North America and made their homes in the Arctic |
| Inuit | adapted to environment by building igloos for homes from packed snow and ice |
| Inuit | invented the kayak, a light, one-person boat that is used for hunting and transportation |
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