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medical term
respiratory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anoxia | The absence of oxygen from the body/es gases, blood, or tissues |
| anthracosis | The form pneumoconiosos caused by coal dust in the lungs |
| antitussive | Medication administered to prevent, or relieve coughing. |
| asphyxia | The condition that occurs when the body cannot get the air it needs to function |
| asphyxiation | An interruption of breathing that results in the loss of consciousness or death. |
| atelectasis | Condition in which the lung fails to expand because air cannot pass beyond the bronchioles that are blocked by secretions |
| bronchiectasis | Chronic enlargement of bronchi or bronchioles resulting from an earlier lung infection that was not cured |
| bronchodilator | Medication that expands the opening of the passages into the lungs |
| bronchorrhea | Excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi |
| Cheyne-Stokes respiration | Pattern of alternating periods of rapid breathing, slow breathin, and the absence of breathing |
| cystic fibrosis | Genetic disorder in which the lungs are clogged with large amounts of abnormally thick mucus |
| diphtheria | Acuste infectious disease of the trroat and upper respiratory tract caused by the presence of diphtheria bacteria |
| emphysema | Progressive loss of lung function due to a decrease in the total number of alveoli, the enlargement of the remaining alveoli, and then the progressive destruction of their walls |
| empyema | accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity |
| endotracheal intubation | The passage of a tube through the nose or mouth into the treachea to establish or maintain an open airway. |
| hemoptysis | Spitting of blood or bloodstained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage |
| hemothorax | Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity. |
| hypercapnia | The abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hyperpnea | Abnormal increase in the depth and rate of the respiratory movements |
| hypopnea | Shallow or slow respiration. |
| hypoxemia | A condition of having below normal oxygen level in the blood. |
| hypoxia | The condition of having below normal oxygen levels in the body tissues and cells |
| laryngitis | Inflammation of the larynx. |
| laryngoplegia | Paralysis of the larynx. |
| mediastinum | The cavity located between the lungs. |
| pertussis | Contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by a spasm like cough |
| pharyngitis | Inflammation of the pharynx; also known as a sore throat |
| pneumoconiosis | An abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs that usually develops after years of environmental or occupational contact |
| pneumothorax | Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural spacecausing the lung to collapse |
| upper respiratory tract | consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea |
| lower respiratory tract | consists of the bronchial trees and lungs |
| thoracic cavity | protects the lower respiratory tract |
| epliglottis | lid-like structure at the base of the tongue; swings downward and closes off the laryngopharynx so that food does not enter the trachea and lungs |
| trachea | windpipe; tube located directly in front of the esophagus that extends from the neck to the chest; role is to transport air to, and from, the lungs |
| bronchi | trachea divides into two branches known as the primary bronchi |
| bronchioles | smallest branches of the bronchi, thousands the terminal bronchioles are the last of the conducting airways |
| alveoli | air sacs; very small grape-like clusters found at the end of each bronchiole |
| surfactant | detergent like substance produced by the lungs that reduces the surface tension of the lungs and allows air to flow over the lungs and be absorbed more easily |
| pleura | thin, moist, and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the rib cage |
| parietal pleura | outer layer of the pleura that lines the walls of the thoracic cavity, covers the diaphragm, and forms the sac containing each lung |
| visceral pleura | inner layer of pleura that surrounds each lung |
| pleural cavity | airtight area between the layers of the pleural membranes; contains a thin layer of fluid that allows the membranes to slide easily during breathing |
| diaphragm | muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen; contraction and relaxation of this muscle makes breathing possible |
| phrenic nerves | stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | lung disease in which it is hard to breathe; damage to the bronchi partially obstructs them, making it difficult to get air in and out |
| chronic bronchitis | airways have become inflamed and thickened and there is an increase in the number and size of mucus-producing cells; results in excessive mucus production which in turn causes coughing and difficulty getting air into and out of lungs |
| bronchospasm | contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squeeze the airway shut |
| hyperventilation | abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety |
| sputum | plegm ejected through the mouth that can be examined for diagnostic purposes |
| phlegm | thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory passages |
| Bronchoconstriction | constriction of the airways in the lungs due to the tightening of surrounding smooth muscle, with consequent coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. |
| Pulmonary Shunt | Perfusion without ventilation. pneumonia |
| Deadspace | Ventilation without perfusion. Pulmonary emboli |
| Exhale muscle | rectus and transverse abdominus, external and internal oblique |
| Inhale muscle | scalenes, sternocleidomastoid, and pectoralis major |
| Trachea | 16-20 C-shaped cartilages, 12cm length, 2.0-2.5cm diameter, bifurcates 21-23 from the mouth to carina into R&L mainstem bronchi |
| Nose function | warm, humidify, filter |
Created by:
ckongsine
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